Intracellular Calcium and Protein Kinase C Mediate Expression of Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor-κB Ligand and Osteoprotegerin in Osteoblasts.

Receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL) and osteoprotegerin (OPG) produced by osteoblasts/stromal cells are involved as positive and negative regulators in osteoclast formation. Three independent signals have been proposed to induce RANKL expression in osteoblasts/stromal cells: vitamin D receptor-, cAMP-, and gp130-mediated signals. We previously reported that intracellular calcium-elevating compounds such as ionomycin, cyclopiazonic acid, and thapsigargin induced osteoclast formation in cocultures of mouse bone marrow cells and primary osteoblasts. Increases in calcium concentration in culture medium also induced osteoclast formation in cocultures. Treatment of primary osteoblasts with these compounds or with high calcium medium stimulated the expression of both RANKL and OPG messenger RNAs (mRNAs). 1,2-Bis(o-aminophenoxy)ethane-N,N,N′,N′-tetraacetic acid)-tetra(acetoxymethyl)ester, an intracellular calcium chelator, suppressed both ionomycin-induced osteoclast formation in cocultures and...

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