sion as an alternative to resampling or adaptive filter-based methods for order analysis problems. In contrast to the VoldKalman filter, the Gabor expansion is more intuitive, more powerful and can even be used when rotational speed information is not available. This article begins with a discussion of some real world challenges faced by industries using order tracking analysis. Next, the limitations of some FFT-based methods are addressed and the Gabor expansion-based solution is presented. Applications from various industrial equipment manufacturers will illustrate the effectiveness of order analysis. Finally, the article concludes by comparing analyses performed by Gabor expansion and adaptive filter-based approaches. Real World Challenges Many industries rely on order analysis during the design, manufacturing and testing phases of product development. Before introducing the Gabor expansion, we will first briefly review the basics of classical time-invariant analysis and the challenge for time-varying harmonic analysis.
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