A hybrid model of support vector regression with genetic algorithm for forecasting adsorption of malachite green onto multi-walled carbon nanotubes: central composite design optimization.

The aim of this work is the study of the predictive ability of a hybrid model of support vector regression with genetic algorithm optimization (GA-SVR) for the adsorption of malachite green (MG) onto multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). Various factors were investigated by central composite design and optimum conditions was set as: pH 8, 0.018 g MWCNTs, 8 mg L(-1) dye mixed with 50 mL solution thoroughly for 10 min. The Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin and D-R isothermal models are applied to fitting the experimental data, and the data was well explained by the Langmuir model with a maximum adsorption capacity of 62.11-80.64 mg g(-1) in a short time at 25 °C. Kinetic studies at various adsorbent dosages and the initial MG concentration show that maximum MG removal was achieved within 10 min of the start of every experiment under most conditions. The adsorption obeys the pseudo-second-order rate equation in addition to the intraparticle diffusion model. The optimal parameters (C of 0.2509, σ(2) of 0.1288 and ε of 0.2018) for the SVR model were obtained based on the GA. For the testing data set, MSE values of 0.0034 and the coefficient of determination (R(2)) values of 0.9195 were achieved.

[1]  M. Ghaedi,et al.  Preparation and characterization of MWCNTs functionalized by N-(3-nitrobenzylidene)-N′-trimethoxysilylpropyl-ethane-1,2-diamine for the removal of aluminum(III) ions via complexation with eriochrome cyanine R: spectrophotometric detection and optimization , 2015 .

[2]  O. Abdelwahab.  Evaluation of the use of loofa activated carbons as potential adsorbents for aqueous solutions containing dye , 2008 .

[3]  M. Soylak,et al.  Multiwalled carbon nanotubes for speciation of chromium in environmental samples. , 2007, Journal of hazardous materials.

[4]  Siba Sankar Mahapatra,et al.  Modeling of Arsenic (III) Removal by Evolutionary Genetic Programming and Least Square Support Vector Machine Models , 2015, Environmental Processes.

[5]  M. Anbia,et al.  Functionalized magnetic MCM-48 nanoporous silica by cyanuric chloride for removal of chlorophenol and bromophenol from aqueous media , 2015, Journal of Nanostructure in Chemistry.

[6]  Y. Ho,et al.  Study of the Sorption of Divalent Metal Ions on to Peat , 2000 .

[7]  Wei-Chiang Hong,et al.  Forecasting holiday daily tourist flow based on seasonal support vector regression with adaptive genetic algorithm , 2015, Appl. Soft Comput..

[8]  L. Buydens,et al.  Determination of optimal support vector regression parameters by genetic algorithms and simplex optimization , 2005 .

[9]  M. Soylak,et al.  Removal of phenol from aqueous solutions by adsorption onto organomodified Tirebolu bentonite: equilibrium, kinetic and thermodynamic study. , 2009, Journal of hazardous materials.

[10]  M. Ghaedi,et al.  Optimization of the ultrasonic assisted removal of methylene blue by gold nanoparticles loaded on activated carbon using experimental design methodology. , 2014, Ultrasonics sonochemistry.

[11]  Hyunwoong Park,et al.  Visible light and Fe(III)-mediated degradation of Acid Orange 7 in the absence of H2O2 , 2003 .

[12]  M. Soylak,et al.  Preconcentration of some trace elements via using multiwalled carbon nanotubes as solid phase extraction adsorbent. , 2009, Journal of hazardous materials.

[13]  Mahdi Jamshidi,et al.  Ultrasound-assisted removal of Al3+ ions and Alizarin red S by activated carbon engrafted with Ag nanoparticles: central composite design and genetic algorithm optimization , 2015 .

[14]  M. Ghaedi,et al.  Optimization of the combined ultrasonic assisted/adsorption method for the removal of malachite green by gold nanoparticles loaded on activated carbon: experimental design. , 2014, Spectrochimica acta. Part A, Molecular and biomolecular spectroscopy.

[15]  Zhen Yang,et al.  Genetic algorithm-least squares support vector regression based predicting and optimizing model on carbon fiber composite integrated conductivity , 2010 .

[16]  Ibrahim A Naguib,et al.  Linear support vector regression and partial least squares chemometric models for determination of Hydrochlorothiazide and Benazepril hydrochloride in presence of related impurities: a comparative study. , 2014, Spectrochimica acta. Part A, Molecular and biomolecular spectroscopy.

[17]  Alireza Goudarzi,et al.  Ternary dye adsorption onto MnO2 nanoparticle-loaded activated carbon: derivative spectrophotometry and modeling , 2015 .

[18]  Alireza Goudarzi,et al.  Response surface methodology approach for optimization of simultaneous dye and metal ion ultrasound-assisted adsorption onto Mn doped Fe3O4-NPs loaded on AC: kinetic and isothermal studies. , 2015, Dalton transactions.

[19]  I. D. Mall,et al.  Adsorptive removal of malachite green dye from aqueous solution by bagasse fly ash and activated carbon-kinetic study and equilibrium isotherm analyses , 2005 .

[20]  S. P. Turanska,et al.  Adsorption of cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum by nanostructures based on single-domain magnetite , 2015, Journal of Nanostructure in Chemistry.

[21]  M. Ghaedi,et al.  Application of least squares support vector regression and linear multiple regression for modeling removal of methyl orange onto tin oxide nanoparticles loaded on activated carbon and activated carbon prepared from Pistacia atlantica wood. , 2016, Journal of colloid and interface science.

[22]  M. Ghaedi,et al.  Rapid removal of Auramine-O and Methylene blue by ZnS:Cu nanoparticles loaded on activated carbon: A response surface methodology approach , 2015 .

[23]  Young-Chan Lee,et al.  Bankruptcy prediction using support vector machine with optimal choice of kernel function parameters , 2005, Expert Syst. Appl..

[24]  Maneesh Kumar Singh,et al.  Removal of malachite green from dye wastewater using neem sawdust by adsorption. , 2009, Journal of hazardous materials.

[25]  M. Ghaedi,et al.  Palladium, silver, and zinc oxide nanoparticles loaded on activated carbon as adsorbent for removal of bromophenol red from aqueous solution , 2013 .

[26]  S. Ferreira,et al.  Box-Behnken design: an alternative for the optimization of analytical methods. , 2007, Analytica chimica acta.

[27]  M. Ghaedi,et al.  Artificial neural network – Imperialist competitive algorithm based optimization for removal of sunset yellow using Zn(OH)2 nanoparticles-activated carbon , 2014 .

[28]  V. Eskizeybek,et al.  Removal of chromium (VI) using activated carbon-supported-functionalized carbon nanotubes , 2015, Journal of Nanostructure in Chemistry.

[29]  I. Ali,et al.  Removal of malachite green from aqueous solution using waste pea shells as low-cost adsorbent – adsorption isotherms and dynamics , 2014 .

[30]  M. Soylak,et al.  Pseudomonas aeruginosa immobilized multiwalled carbon nanotubes as biosorbent for heavy metal ions. , 2008, Bioresource technology.

[31]  W. E. Marshall,et al.  Freundlich adsorption isotherms of agricultural by-product-based powdered activated carbons in a geosmin-water system. , 2002, Bioresource technology.

[32]  A. Ahmadpour,et al.  Performance of MWCNTs and a low-cost adsorbent for Chromium(VI) ion removal , 2014, Journal of Nanostructure in Chemistry.

[33]  Mingcang Zhu,et al.  Housing price forecasting based on genetic algorithm and support vector machine , 2011, Expert Syst. Appl..

[34]  Fang-Mei Tseng,et al.  Combining neural network model with seasonal time series ARIMA model , 2002 .

[35]  M. Soylak,et al.  Solid phase extraction of heavy metal ions in environmental samples on multiwalled carbon nanotubes. , 2008, Journal of hazardous materials.

[36]  Aihua Zhang,et al.  Performance evaluation of analog circuit using improved LSSVR subject to data information uncertainty , 2015, Neurocomputing.

[37]  M. Monajjemi,et al.  The Studies of Equilibrium and Thermodynamic Adsorption of Pb(II), Cd(II) and Cu(II) Ions from Aqueous Solution onto SWCNTs and SWCNT–COOH Surfaces , 2010 .

[38]  Silvia Curteanu,et al.  Experimental analysis and mathematical prediction of Cd(II) removal by biosorption using support vector machines and genetic algorithms. , 2015, New biotechnology.

[39]  Irving Langmuir,et al.  The mechanism of the catalytic action of platinum in the reactions 2Co + O2= 2Co2 and 2H2+ O2= 2H2O , 1922 .

[40]  Dong Yang,et al.  Preparation, characterization and application of magnetic silica nanoparticle functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes. , 2005, Chemical communications.

[41]  D. Yuan,et al.  Evaluation of multi-walled carbon nanotubes as an adsorbent for trapping volatile organic compounds from environmental samples. , 2004, Journal of chromatography. A.

[42]  Zhu-Hong You,et al.  Predicting dynamic deformation of retaining structure by LSSVR-based time series method , 2014, Neurocomputing.

[43]  M. Ghaedi,et al.  Enhanced simultaneous removal of malachite green and safranin O by ZnO nanorod-loaded activated carbon: modeling, optimization and adsorption isotherms , 2015 .

[44]  F. Najafi,et al.  Carbon Nanotubes: A Review of Chemistry Principles and Reactions , 2012 .

[45]  M. Ghaedi,et al.  Simultaneous removal of methylene blue and Pb2+ ions using ruthenium nanoparticle-loaded activated carbon: response surface methodology , 2015 .

[46]  M. Rahimi,et al.  Ultrasonic enhancement of the simultaneous removal of quaternary toxic organic dyes by CuO nanoparticles loaded on activated carbon: Central composite design, kinetic and isotherm study. , 2016, Ultrasonics sonochemistry.

[47]  Ibrahim A Naguib,et al.  Support vector regression and artificial neural network models for stability indicating analysis of mebeverine hydrochloride and sulpiride mixtures in pharmaceutical preparation: a comparative study. , 2012, Spectrochimica acta. Part A, Molecular and biomolecular spectroscopy.

[48]  M. Monajjemi,et al.  The study of adsorption characteristics Cu2+ and Pb2+ ions onto PHEMA and P(MMA-HEMA) surfaces from aqueous single solution. , 2009, Journal of hazardous materials.

[49]  Chungsying Lu,et al.  Adsorption thermodynamic and kinetic studies of trihalomethanes on multiwalled carbon nanotubes. , 2006, Journal of hazardous materials.

[50]  M. Ghaedi,et al.  Artificial neural network and particle swarm optimization for removal of methyl orange by gold nanoparticles loaded on activated carbon and Tamarisk. , 2014, Spectrochimica acta. Part A, Molecular and biomolecular spectroscopy.

[51]  M. Ghaedi,et al.  Sonochemical assisted hydrothermal synthesis of ZnO: Cr nanoparticles loaded activated carbon for simultaneous ultrasound-assisted adsorption of ternary toxic organic dye: Derivative spectrophotometric, optimization, kinetic and isotherm study. , 2016, Ultrasonics sonochemistry.

[52]  Ruhan Altun Anayurt,et al.  Equilibrium, thermodynamic and kinetic studies on biosorption of Pb(II) and Cd(II) from aqueous solution by macrofungus (Lactarius scrobiculatus) biomass , 2009 .

[53]  Seyed Mojtaba Zebarjad,et al.  The effect of nano-sized calcium carbonate on thermodynamic parameters of HDPE , 2009 .

[54]  M. Ghaedi,et al.  Highly efficient simultaneous ultrasonic assisted adsorption of brilliant green and eosin B onto ZnS nanoparticles loaded activated carbon: Artificial neural network modeling and central composite design optimization. , 2016, Spectrochimica acta. Part A, Molecular and biomolecular spectroscopy.