GroundWater Markup Language (GWML) - enabling groundwater data interoperability in spatial data infrastructures

Increasing stress on global groundwater resources is leading to new approaches to the management and delivery of groundwater data. These approaches include the deployment of a Spatial Data Infrastructure (SDI) to enable online data interoperability amongst numerous and heterogeneous data sources.Oftenanimportant componentof anSDIisa globaldomainschema,whichservesasacentral structure for the query and transport of data, but at present there does not exist a schema for groundwater data that is strongly compliant with SDI concepts, standards, and technologies. In this paper we present GroundWater Markup Language (GWML), a groundwater application of the GeographyMarkupLanguage(GML).GWMLcanbeusedinconjunctionwithavarietyofwebservicesto

[1]  Steven J. DeRose,et al.  XML Path Language (XPath) Version 1.0 , 1999 .

[2]  Ajay Tripathi,et al.  Developing a modular hydrogeology ontology by extending the SWEET upper-level ontologies , 2008, Comput. Geosci..

[3]  Ian Masser.  Building European Spatial Data Infrastructures, Second Edition , 2010 .

[4]  Amit P. Sheth,et al.  Changing Focus on Interoperability in Information Systems:From System, Syntax, Structure to Semantics , 1999 .

[5]  Tim Duffy,et al.  GeoSciML: Development of a generic GeoScience Markup Language , 2005, Comput. Geosci..

[6]  Chang-Tien Lu,et al.  Geography Markup Language (GML) , 2008, Encyclopedia of GIS.

[7]  Gil Strassberg,et al.  A Geographic Data Model for Representing Ground Water Systems , 2007, Ground water.

[8]  Valerie A. Peters,et al.  GIS-based hydrogeological databases and groundwater modelling , 2001 .

[9]  Boyan Brodaric,et al.  Geo‐Pragmatics for the Geospatial Semantic Web , 2007, Trans. GIS.

[10]  K. Parks,et al.  Canadian framework for collaboration on groundwater , 2003 .

[11]  Robert G. Raskin,et al.  Knowledge representation in the semantic web for Earth and environmental terminology (SWEET) , 2005, Comput. Geosci..

[12]  Xiaoying Yang,et al.  Data model for system conceptualization in groundwater studies , 2010, Int. J. Geogr. Inf. Sci..

[13]  Florian Probst,et al.  Enabling Cross-Disciplinary E-Science by Integrating Geoscience Ontologies with Dolce , 2009, IEEE Intelligent Systems.

[14]  I. Masser.  Building European Spatial Data Infrastructures , 2007 .

[15]  Ron Lake,et al.  The application of geography markup language (GML) to the geological sciences , 2005, Comput. Geosci..

[16]  Joachim Wächter,et al.  HydrIS: An open source GIS decision support system for groundwater management (Morocco) , 2009 .