Optimization Model for Groundwater Management in Multi‐Aquifer Systems

The use of embedding technique as a mechanism for coupling the simulation model of a particular groundwater system with an optimization model has been extended herein to multi-aquifer systems. The combined management model is used to determine the optimal groundwater management schemes in a hypothetical multi-aquifer system under transient and steady state conditions. The model enables the determination of optimal allocation of wells in different aquifers and their pumping rates to achieve a system-wide maximum head distribution while satisfying the water production targets, well capacity restrictions and lower bounds on hydraulic heads at critical points. Constraint and weighting methods of the multi-objective programming techniques are used to develop trade-off curves relating the sum of hydraulic heads in the whole system as well as in individual aquifers at various water production targets. The generated trade-off curves may enhance the decision maker’s ability to select the best development policy from a set of alternative policies by considering other technological, financial and legal constraints.

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