Jurisdiction-Stripping Reconsidered

INTRODUCTION................................................................................. 1044 I. BOUMEDIENE AND ITS METHODOLOGY: WHAT CONSTITUTIONAL THEORY HAS TO DO WITH JURISDICTION-STRIPPING............................................................ 1053 A. The Opinion ....................................................................... 1053 B. Boumediene’s Potential Methodological Significance ........................................................................ 1056 II. ALLOCATION OF JURISDICTION BETWEEN STATE AND FEDERAL COURTS........................................................................ 1063 A. Withdrawal of Both Federal District Court and Supreme Court Jurisdiction .............................................. 1065 1. The Traditional View................................................... 1065 2. Professor Amar’s Neo-Federalist Rejoinder ............. 1069 3. Deciding in the Face of Historical Uncertainty ......... 1072 4. Supplementing Text-Based Originalism: Congressional Motives Reconsidered........................ 1074 5. Beyond Motive: Broader Limitations on the Total Stripping of Federal Jurisdiction................................ 1083 B. Withdrawal of Supreme Court Jurisdiction .................... 1087 1. Background Principles ................................................ 1087 2. Jurisdiction-Stripping and Supervisory Powers........ 1089 C. Stripping of District Court Jurisdiction ........................... 1093 III. WITHDRAWAL OF ALL JUDICIAL JURISDICTION .................... 1095 A. Sources of Limits on Congressional Power .................... 1098 B. Remedies and “the Battaglia Principle”.......................... 1101 1. Battaglia v. General Motors Corp. ............................ 1102 2. What Battaglia Forbids and Permits.......................... 1102 C. Constitutionally Necessary Remedies .............................. 1104