A robust H∞ controller based frequency control approach using the wind-battery coordination strategy in a small power system

Abstract In this paper, a coordinated control method for a wind turbine generator (WTG) and a battery energy storage system (BESS) of a small power system have been presented. The coordinated control approach applies to control the system frequency to reduce the size of BESS and to control the pitch angle system to mitigate the wind turbine blades stress. To achieve these objectives simultaneously, the robust H ∞ control method is applied in this paper. The pitch angle system of the WTG and the output power command system of the BESS are controlled by the H ∞ controllers. The output power command of the WTG is determined from the wind velocities and it is controlled by the pitch angle control system. Concurrently, the output power command of the BESS is calculated according to the state of charge and the frequency deviations in the small power system. The small power system includes a WTG, a BESS and a diesel generator. Numerical simulations are conducted by the MATLAB/SIMULINK® environment to validate the proposed method.

[1]  A. Betka,et al.  Optimal tracking and robust power control of the DFIG wind turbine , 2013 .

[2]  Tomonobu Senjyu,et al.  Output power leveling of wind turbine Generator for all operating regions by pitch angle control , 2006 .

[3]  Richard W. Wies,et al.  Nonlinear H ∞ Constrained Feedback Control for Grid-Interactive WECS Under High Stochasticity , 2011 .

[4]  A. Chatterjee,et al.  Transient performance improvement of grid connected hydro system using distributed generation and capacitive energy storage unit , 2012 .

[5]  Rafic Younes,et al.  A new hybrid pneumatic combustion engine to improve fuel consumption of wind–Diesel power system for non-interconnected areas , 2012 .

[6]  Reza Noroozian,et al.  Design of a multilevel control strategy for integration of stand-alone wind/diesel system , 2012 .

[7]  A. Hadj Arab,et al.  Feasibility study of hybrid Diesel–PV power plants in the southern of Algeria: Case study on AFRA power plant , 2012 .

[8]  E. Muljadi,et al.  Contribution of type-2 wind turbines to sub-synchronous resonance damping , 2014 .

[9]  Chih-Hong Lin,et al.  Recurrent modified Elman neural network control of PM synchronous generator system using wind turbine emulator of PM synchronous servo motor drive , 2013 .

[10]  Tomonobu Senjyu,et al.  A fuzzy control strategy for power smoothing and grid dynamic response enrichment of a grid‐connected wind energy conversion system , 2013 .

[11]  Xiaojuan Han,et al.  A Power Smoothing Control Strategy and Optimized Allocation of Battery Capacity Based on Hybrid Storage Energy Technology , 2012 .

[12]  S. M. Mousavi,et al.  An autonomous hybrid energy system of wind/tidal/microturbine/battery storage , 2012 .

[13]  Tomonobu Senjyu,et al.  Balancing control method by dispersed generators based on H∞ control theory in DC power feeding system , 2011 .

[14]  Amin Hajizadeh,et al.  Control of hybrid fuel cell/energy storage distributed generation system against voltage sag , 2010 .

[15]  Hamid Reza Momeni,et al.  Optimal estimation and control of WECS via a Genetic Neuro Fuzzy Approach , 2012 .

[16]  Arkadi Nemirovski,et al.  Lmi Control Toolbox For Use With Matlab , 2014 .

[17]  T. Nanahara,et al.  New Control Method for Regulating State-of- Charge of a Battery in Hybrid Wind Power/Battery Energy Storage System , 2006, 2006 IEEE PES Power Systems Conference and Exposition.

[18]  H. R. Najafi,et al.  Dynamic maximum available power of fixed-speed wind turbine at islanding operation , 2013 .

[19]  Tomonobu Senjyu,et al.  A review of output power smoothing methods for wind energy conversion systems , 2013 .

[20]  Ahmed M. Kassem,et al.  Robust control of an isolated hybrid wind-diesel power system using Linear Quadratic Gaussian approach , 2011 .

[21]  Shijie Cheng,et al.  Robustness of Damping Control Implemented by Energy Storage Systems Installed in Power Systems , 2011 .

[22]  Subhashish Bhattacharya,et al.  Optimal Control of Battery Energy Storage for Wind Farm Dispatching , 2010, IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion.

[23]  C. Scherer,et al.  Multiobjective output-feedback control via LMI optimization , 1997, IEEE Trans. Autom. Control..

[24]  B. E. Muhando,et al.  Nonlinear ${\cal H}_{\infty }$ Constrained Feedback Control for Grid-Interactive WECS Under High Stochasticity , 2011, IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion.

[25]  J. Landaluze,et al.  H∞ Based Control for Load Mitigation in Wind Turbines , 2012 .

[26]  Rashad M. Kamel,et al.  Wind power smoothing using fuzzy logic pitch controller and energy capacitor system for improvement Micro-Grid performance in islanding mode , 2010 .

[27]  P. Melba Mary,et al.  Direct model reference adaptive internal model controller for better voltage sag ride through in doubly fed induction generator wind farms , 2013 .

[28]  T. Funabashi,et al.  Output power leveling of wind turbine generator by pitch angle control using adaptive control method , 2004, 2004 International Conference on Power System Technology, 2004. PowerCon 2004..

[29]  Pierre Apkarian,et al.  Self-scheduled H∞ control of linear parameter-varying systems: a design example , 1995, Autom..

[30]  J. Landaluze,et al.  Fuzzy-logic based control for load mitigation at the transition zone for large wind turbines , 2013 .

[31]  Atsushi Yona,et al.  Design and Implement a Digital H∞ Robust Controller for a MW-Class PMSG-Based Grid-Interactive Wind Energy Conversion System , 2013 .

[32]  T. Senjyu,et al.  Output levelling of renewable energy by electric double-layer capacitor applied for energy storage system , 2006, IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion.

[33]  R. Sebastian.  Modelling and simulation of a high penetration wind diesel system with battery energy storage , 2011 .

[34]  Carsten W. Scherer,et al.  Multi-Objective Output-Feedback Control via LMI Optimization , 1996 .

[35]  Naomitsu Urasaki,et al.  Output Power Leveling of Wind Turbine Generator by Pitch Angle Control Using H8 Control , 2006 .

[36]  David W. Coit,et al.  Electric power system generation expansion plans considering the impact of Smart Grid technologies , 2012 .

[37]  T. Funabashi,et al.  Output Power Control for Large Wind Power Penetration in Small Power System , 2007, 2007 IEEE Power Engineering Society General Meeting.

[38]  Tomonobu Senjyu,et al.  Output power control for large wind power penetration in small power system , 2009 .