The Triumph of the Pre-Embryo: Interpretations of the Human Embryo in Parliamentary Debate over Embryo Research

In 1984, both British Houses of Parliament overwhelmingly condemned the proposal in the Warnock Report that research be allowed on human embryos, under licence, during the first two weeks of their existence. In 1990, legislation permitting such research and based directly on the Warnock proposal was approved with substantial majorities in the two Houses. This study describes some of the cultural developments underlying the swing within Parliament from almost total rejection of embryo research to eventual acceptance. Material taken from the parliamentary record and from the Warnock Report is used to illustrate how two competing images of the human embryo provided a central focus for the adversarial process whereby legislation on embryo research came to be enacted.