Recognition of handwritten words using stochastic models

The paper deals with the global recognition of a small lexicon of words, based on a pseudo segmentation stage introducing anchor points. We avoid the difficult problem of segmentating the word into letters and the complexity involved by such models to build possible letter graphs. We use two structural representations of the word, strokes and graphemes, each of them being analyzed using a Markov model. These simple models are individually optimized by a rigorous choice of the order for fitting the structural properties of the observed data using Akaike information criteria. The conditional probability to have a word model, given the observation sequence, is computed by taking into account the length of the sequence. Results of the study are presented on French cheque images.

[1]  J.-C. Simon,et al.  Off-line cursive word recognition , 1992, Proc. IEEE.

[2]  Yves Lecourtier,et al.  Handwritten word recognition by image segmentation and hidden Markov models , 1993, Proceedings of IECON '93 - 19th Annual Conference of IEEE Industrial Electronics.

[3]  Sargur N. Srihari,et al.  Off-Line Cursive Script Word Recognition , 1989, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[4]  Yang He,et al.  On optimal order in modeling sequence of letters in words of common language as a Markov chain , 1991, Pattern Recognit..

[5]  Yves Lecourtier,et al.  Recognition of handwritten sentences using a restricted lexicon , 1993, Pattern Recognit..

[6]  H. Akaike A new look at the statistical model identification , 1974 .

[7]  Lawrence R. Rabiner,et al.  A tutorial on hidden Markov models and selected applications in speech recognition , 1989, Proc. IEEE.

[8]  Michel Gilloux Research into the new generation of character and mailing address recognition systems at the French post office research center , 1993, Pattern Recognit. Lett..

[9]  Jian Zhou,et al.  Off-Line Handwritten Word Recognition Using a Hidden Markov Model Type Stochastic Network , 1994, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[10]  H. Tong Determination of the order of a Markov chain by Akaike's information criterion , 1975, Journal of Applied Probability.

[11]  Paramvir Bahl,et al.  Recognition of handwritten word: First and second order hidden Markov model based approach , 1989, Pattern Recognit..