Anaesthetic management of neonate with giant occipital Meningoencephalocele .

The term cephalocele refers to a defect in the skull and dura with extracranial extension of intracranial structures. Cephaloceles are divided into four types: meningoencephalocele, meningocele, atretic encephalocele and gliocele. Meningoencephalocele is a hernial protrusion of part of meninges and neural elements in a sac through the skull defect. 1 In Southeast Asia, the incidence is approximately 1 in 5000 live births. 2 The occipital bone is the most common location for cephalocele. Neurological outcome of such malformations depends on the size of the sac, neural tissue content, hydrocephalus, associated infection, and other pathologies that accompany this condition.