Opportunities to save energy and improve comfort by using wireless sensor networks in buildings

This paper discusses how intensive information technology can affect future building operation. Recent breakthroughs in wireless sensor network technology will permit 1) highly flexible location of sensors, 2) increased sensing density and variety of sensor types informing more comprehensive control systems, 3) occupants’ involvement in control loops, 4) demand responsive electricity management, 5) integration among now-separate building systems, and 6) the adoption of mixed-mode and other new types of air conditioning systems. The paper describes the capabilities of the new sensor networks, assesses how some applications can increase the quality of control and improve energy efficiency, and suggests opportunities for future development.