Molecular electronic spectral broadening in liquids and glasses.

The magnitudes, time scales, and underlying mechanisms responsible for broadening the electronic spectra of molecules in liquid solutions and glasses are reviewed. The emphasis is on experimental results from hole-burning, single-molecule, photon echo, and resonance Raman and fluorescence studies. The influence of the time scale of the measurement in distinguishing between homogeneous broadening (electronic dephasing) and inhomogeneous broadening is discussed, and the role of coupling of solvent phonons to the solute's electronic transition is stressed.

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