Analysing effects of implant dimensions on electrocardiograph: A modeling approach

Modeling offers effective means of studying the effects of implant dimensions on the measured electrocardiograph (ECG) prior to any in vivo tests, and thus provides the designer with valuable information. Finite difference (FDM) and lead field approaches combined with cardiac activation models offer straightforward and effective methods for analyzing different ECG measurement configurations. In the present study such methods are applied in studying the effects of implant dimensions on the simulated ECG which describes an ectopic beat originating from the apex. The results indicated that the change in interelectrode distance has the largest effects on the ECG. Other parameters related implant dimensions have minor effect on the ECG.

[1]  P. Vardas,et al.  Sensing issues related to the clinical use of implantable loop recorders. , 2003, Europace : European pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac electrophysiology : journal of the working groups on cardiac pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac cellular electrophysiology of the European Society of Cardiology.

[2]  F. X. Bostick,et al.  Potential and current density distributions of cranial electrotherapy stimulation (CES) in a four-concentric-spheres model , 1996, IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering.

[3]  N. Freemantle,et al.  Use of implantable loop recorders in the diagnosis and management of syncope. , 2003, European heart journal.

[4]  R. W. Lau,et al.  The dielectric properties of biological tissues: II. Measurements in the frequency range 10 Hz to 20 GHz. , 1996, Physics in medicine and biology.

[5]  James K Russell,et al.  Early experience with a novel ambulatory monitor. , 2007, Journal of electrocardiology.

[6]  F. Atienza,et al.  A probabilistic model of cardiac electrical activity based on a cellular automata system , 2005 .

[7]  J. Álvarez,et al.  Desarrollo de un modelo probabilístico de la actividad eléctrica cardíaca basado en un autómata celular , 2005 .

[8]  R. Granit THE HEART ( Extract from “ Principles and Applications of Bioelectric and Biomagnetic Fields , 2005 .

[9]  Felipe Alonso Atienza,et al.  [A probabilistic model of cardiac electrical activity based on a cellular automata system]. , 2005, Revista espanola de cardiologia.

[10]  M J Ackerman,et al.  The Visible Human Project , 1998, Proc. IEEE.

[11]  Sava P Papazov,et al.  Estimation of current density distribution under electrodes for external defibrillation , 2002, Biomedical engineering online.

[12]  P M Rautaharju,et al.  Identification of best electrocardiographic leads for diagnosing anterior and inferior myocardial infarction by statistical analysis of body surface potential maps. , 1986, The American journal of cardiology.

[13]  Jaakko Malmivuo,et al.  Finite difference and lead field methods in designing implantable ECG monitor , 2006, Medical and Biological Engineering and Computing.

[14]  Nick Freemantle,et al.  Use of implantable loop recorders in the diagnosis and management of syncope. , 2003, European heart journal.

[15]  D. Panescu,et al.  Modeling current density distributions during transcutaneous cardiac pacing , 1994, IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering.

[16]  Silke Dodel,et al.  Accuracy of Two Dipolar Inverse Algorithms Applying Reciprocity for Forward Calculation , 2000, Comput. Biomed. Res..

[17]  I Daskalov,et al.  Electrical current distribution under transthoracic defibrillation and pacing electrodes , 2002, Journal of medical engineering & technology.

[18]  C R Johnson,et al.  Computational and numerical methods for bioelectric field problems. , 1997, Critical reviews in biomedical engineering.

[19]  Jaakko Malmivuo,et al.  Lead field of ECG leads calculated by a computer thorax model-an application of reciprocity , 1993, Proceedings of Computers in Cardiology Conference.

[20]  Michael John Ackerman,et al.  The Visible Human Project. , 1991 .

[21]  Yongmin Kim,et al.  Computational studies of transthoracic and transvenous defibrillation in a detailed 3-D human thorax model , 1995, IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering.

[22]  S. Pollack,et al.  Theoretical determination of the current density distributions in human vertebral bodies during electrical stimulation , 1990, IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering.

[23]  Lluís Mont,et al.  Value of the implantable loop recorder for the management of patients with unexplained syncope. , 2004, Europace : European pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac electrophysiology : journal of the working groups on cardiac pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac cellular electrophysiology of the European Society of Cardiology.

[24]  C.R. Johnson,et al.  The effects of inhomogeneities and anisotropies on electrocardiographic fields: a 3-D finite-element study , 1997, IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering.

[25]  J Malmivuo,et al.  A software implementation for detailed volume conductor modelling in electrophysiology using finite difference method. , 1999, Computer methods and programs in biomedicine.

[26]  Robert Arzbaecher,et al.  The feasibility of ST-segment monitoring with a subcutaneous device. , 2004, Journal of electrocardiology.