Coastal Protection And Development Of Alexandria

Alexandria City is the main beach resort on the Mediterranean Sea of Egypt. The beaches and coastal front of the city have been suffering from a number of problems. Alexandria beaches were narrow and suffered from erosion. The coastal highway, forming one of the two main roads, was susceptible to erosion seaward of the wall and experienced overtopping problems. A plan for the development of the coastal front of the city was prepared, which addressed the beaches as well as the coastal highway and its protection. This plan, as well as the technical solutions chosen to protect a number of beaches and to reconstruct the coastal highway, are the topics of this paper. Beach protection and development of three beaches; Cleopatra, Sporting and San Stefano are presented. In response to environmental problems experienced with detached emerged breakwaters which were often used to protect the northern Nile Delta coast, submerged breakwaters have been introduced in Alexandria. In the design of the new coastal highway protection, a number of constraints related to environmental and functional requirements had to be filfilled. These requirements and the solutions are presented,