Characterization of the Link Quality of a Coordinated Wireless Environment

The joint use of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) and wireless sensor networks (WSN) enables to monitor dangerous and inaccessible places. However, the success of this deployment depends on the quality of the wireless links connecting the sensor nodes on the ground with one another and with the UAVs. These links are affected by several factors including the physical environment, the ease with which the UAVs navigate or hover, the energy reserve, wind, and the MAC protocols arbitrating the wireless media between the UAVs and the WSN. In this paper we present experimental results pertaining to link quality fluctuations, packet delivery ratio, channel symmetry, and continuous packet transmission success and failure statistics. Furthermore, we propose a probabilistic model for estimating the time a UAV requires to successfully collect k number of packets from a ground gateway.

[1]  Antonio Barrientos,et al.  An Air-Ground Wireless Sensor Network for Crop Monitoring , 2011, Sensors.

[2]  Philip Levis,et al.  Collection tree protocol , 2009, SenSys '09.

[3]  JeongGil Ko,et al.  Poster: Communicating "in the Air": Studying the Impact of UAVs on Sensor Network Data Collection , 2015, SenSys.

[4]  Roberto Passerone,et al.  Development of wireless sensor network for combustible gas monitoring , 2011 .

[5]  Yan Zhang,et al.  Design, Analysis, and Field Testing of an Innovative Drone-Assisted Zero-Configuration Localization Framework for Wireless Sensor Networks , 2017, IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology.

[6]  Carrick Detweiler,et al.  On air-to-water radio communication between UAVs and water sensor networks , 2015, 2015 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA).

[7]  Moiz Mumtaz,et al.  Evaluation of Indoor Air Sampling Near Philip Services Corporation, Seattle, Health Consultation , 1992 .

[8]  Mieso K. Denko,et al.  Modelling the energy cost of a fully operational wireless sensor network , 2010, Telecommun. Syst..

[9]  MottolaLuca,et al.  Radio link quality estimation in wireless sensor networks , 2012 .

[10]  Mario A. Nascimento,et al.  On best drone tour plans for data collection in wireless sensor network , 2016, SAC.

[11]  Yueh-Min Huang,et al.  INTELLIGENT ENVIRONMENTAL SENSING WITH AN UNMANNED AERIAL SYSTEM IN A WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORK , 2017 .

[12]  Sanjay Jha,et al.  On the importance of link characterization for aerial wireless sensor networks , 2016, IEEE Communications Magazine.

[13]  Lin Guan,et al.  Energy Model for H2S Monitoring Wireless Sensor Network , 2008, 2008 11th IEEE International Conference on Computational Science and Engineering.

[14]  Philip Levis,et al.  An empirical study of low-power wireless , 2010, TOSN.

[15]  Andreas Terzis,et al.  Surviving wi-fi interference in low power ZigBee networks , 2010, SenSys '10.

[16]  Elizabeth M. Belding-Royer,et al.  Optimizing 802.15.4 Outdoor IoT Sensor Networks for Aerial Data Collection , 2019, Sensors.

[17]  Waltenegus Dargie,et al.  A Mobility Management Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks , 2018, 2018 IEEE Symposium on Computers and Communications (ISCC).

[18]  Bernhard Rinner,et al.  Drone networks: Communications, coordination, and sensing , 2018, Ad Hoc Networks.

[19]  C. Whittaker,et al.  Report 9: Impact of non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) to reduce COVID19 mortality and healthcare demand , 2020 .

[20]  Subrat Kar,et al.  Performance evaluation of localization techniques in wireless sensor networks using RSSI and LQI , 2015, 2015 Twenty First National Conference on Communications (NCC).

[21]  Anders Lyhne Christensen,et al.  Wireless Sensor and Networking Technologies for Swarms of Aquatic Surface Drones , 2015, 2015 IEEE 82nd Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC2015-Fall).

[22]  Luo Guo,et al.  Design and experiment of a WSN sink platform based on fixed wing unmanned aerial vehicles , 2016, 2016 IEEE Advanced Information Management, Communicates, Electronic and Automation Control Conference (IMCEC).

[23]  Loretta Ichim,et al.  Aerial Robotic Team for Complex Monitoring in Precision Agriculture , 2019, 2019 15th International Conference on Distributed Computing in Sensor Systems (DCOSS).

[24]  Lei Shu,et al.  Toxic gas boundary area detection in large-scale petrochemical plants with industrial wireless sensor networks , 2016, IEEE Communications Magazine.

[25]  Nicholas J Turner,et al.  Synthetic and Therapeutic Applications of Ammonia-lyases and Aminomutases. , 2018, Chemical reviews.

[26]  Bernhard Rinner,et al.  Communication and Coordination for Drone Networks , 2016, ADHOCNETS.

[27]  Anis Koubaa,et al.  Radio link quality estimation in wireless sensor networks , 2012, ACM Trans. Sens. Networks.

[28]  John B. Matson,et al.  A review of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) donors: Chemistry and potential therapeutic applications , 2017, Biochemical pharmacology.

[29]  Xiang Xie,et al.  COVID-19 and the cardiovascular system , 2020, Nature Reviews Cardiology.

[30]  Marcelo S. Alencar,et al.  Real-time link quality estimation for industrial wireless sensor networks using dedicated nodes , 2017, Ad Hoc Networks.

[31]  P. Levis,et al.  RSSI is Under Appreciated , 2006 .