Sulphur mustard induces time- and concentration-dependent regulation of NO-synthesizing enzymes.

[1]  J. Hornung,et al.  Normal keratinization in a spontaneously immortalized aneuploid human keratinocyte cell line , 1988, The Journal of cell biology.

[2]  H. Ishida,et al.  Sulfur mustard downregulates iNOS expression to inhibit wound healing in a human keratinocyte model. , 2008, Journal of dermatological science.

[3]  F. Cowan,et al.  Putative roles of inflammation in the dermatopathology of sulfur mustard , 1993, Cell Biology and Toxicology.

[4]  H. Skelton,et al.  Chemical warfare agents: their past and continuing threat and evolving therapies. Part I of II. , 2003, Skinmed.

[5]  W. Stone,et al.  The influence of N-acetyl-L-cysteine on oxidative stress and nitric oxide synthesis in stimulated macrophages treated with a mustard gas analogue , 2008, BMC Cell Biology.

[6]  T. Reiter,et al.  NO• chemistry: a diversity of targets in the cell , 2006, Redox report : communications in free radical research.

[7]  R. Read,et al.  Biological fate of sulphur mustard, 1,1'-thiobis(2-chloroethane): identification of beta-lyase metabolites and hydrolysis products in human urine. , 1995, Xenobiotica; the fate of foreign compounds in biological systems.

[8]  T. H. Klotz,et al.  MAP kinase 1/2 (Erk 1/2) and serine/threonine specific protein kinase Akt/PKB expression and activity in the human corpus cavernosum , 2002, International Journal of Impotence Research.

[9]  R. Busse,et al.  Isometric contraction induces the Ca2+-independent activation of the endothelial nitric oxide synthase. , 1999, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[10]  C. Simbulan-Rosenthal,et al.  Sulfur mustard induces markers of terminal differentiation and apoptosis in keratinocytes via a Ca2+-calmodulin and caspase-dependent pathway. , 1998, The Journal of investigative dermatology.

[11]  C. Szabó.  Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase activation by reactive nitrogen species--relevance for the pathogenesis of inflammation. , 2006, Nitric oxide : biology and chemistry.

[12]  T. Michel,et al.  Caveolin versus Calmodulin , 1997, The Journal of Biological Chemistry.

[13]  R. Vijayaraghavan,et al.  Protective effect of various antioxidants on the toxicity of sulphur mustard administered to mice by inhalation or percutaneous routes. , 2001, Chemico-biological interactions.

[14]  S. J. Berger,et al.  Metabolic consequences of DNA damage: DNA damage induces alterations in glucose metabolism by activation of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase. , 1986, Biochemical and biophysical research communications.

[15]  U. Förstermann,et al.  Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase in Vascular Disease: From Marvel to Menace , 2006, Circulation.

[16]  F. Aktan.  iNOS-mediated nitric oxide production and its regulation. , 2004, Life sciences.

[17]  C. Simbulan-Rosenthal,et al.  Calmodulin, poly(ADP–ribose)polymerase and p53 are targets for modulating the effects of sulfur mustard , 2000, Journal of applied toxicology : JAT.

[18]  Y Shimizu,et al.  Immunohistochemical Localization of Nitric Oxide Synthase in Normal Human Skin: Expression of Endothelial‐type and Inducible‐type Nitric Oxide Synthase in Keratinocytes , 1997, The Journal of dermatology.

[19]  A. Korkmaz,et al.  Lung toxicity of nitrogen mustard may be mediated by nitric oxide and peroxynitrite in rats. , 2007, Research in veterinary science.

[20]  U. Förstermann,et al.  The neuronal nitric oxide synthase is upregulated in mouse skin repair and in response to epidermal growth factor in human HaCaT keratinocytes. , 2004, The Journal of investigative dermatology.

[21]  T. Lüscher,et al.  Tetrahydrobiopterin and endothelial function. , 1998, European heart journal.

[22]  T. Sawyer.  Modulation of sulfur mustard toxicity by arginine analogues and related nitric oxide synthase inhibitors in vitro. , 1998, Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology.

[23]  W. Dubinsky,et al.  Nitric Oxide-dependent Negative Feedback of PARP-1 trans-Activation of the Inducible Nitric-oxide Synthase Gene* , 2006, Journal of Biological Chemistry.

[24]  N. Maharshak,et al.  Report of accidental CS ingestion among seven patients in central Israel and review of the current literature , 2003, Archives of Toxicology.

[25]  C. Simbulan-Rosenthal,et al.  Calmodulin mediates sulfur mustard toxicity in human keratinocytes. , 2006, Toxicology.

[26]  Z. Suntres,et al.  Sulfur Mustard Toxicity Following Dermal Exposure , 2007, Journal of burns and wounds.

[27]  U. Förstermann.  Endothelial NO synthase as a source of NO and superoxide , 2006, European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology.

[28]  T. Sawyer,et al.  Characterization of the protective effects of L-nitroarginine methyl ester (L-NAME) against the toxicity of sulphur mustard in vitro. , 1998, Toxicology.

[29]  R. Domenico.  Pharmacology of nitric oxide: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic strategies. , 2004, Current pharmaceutical design.

[30]  C. Lindsay,et al.  Effect of sulphur mustard on human skin cell lines with differential agent sensitivity , 2005, Journal of applied toxicology : JAT.

[31]  G. Hobbs,et al.  Nitrosative stress, uric Acid, and peripheral nerve function in early type 1 diabetes. , 2002, Diabetes.

[32]  M. Mol,et al.  Ca2+ homeostasis and Ca2+ signalling in sulphur mustard-exposed normal human epidermal keratinocytes. , 1996, Chemico-biological interactions.

[33]  J. Dillman,et al.  Bifunctional Alkylating Agent-Induced p53 and Nonclassical Nuclear Factor κB Responses and Cell Death Are Altered by Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester: A Potential Role for Antioxidant/Electrophilic Response-Element Signaling , 2007, Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics.

[34]  E. Fiala,et al.  Determination of 3-nitrotyrosine by high-pressure liquid chromatography with a dual-mode electrochemical detector. , 2000, Analytical biochemistry.

[35]  T. H. Klotz,et al.  Evaluation of tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) as a potential therapeutic agent to treat erectile dysfunction. , 2006, Asian journal of andrology.

[36]  William J Smith,et al.  Biochemical manipulation of intracellular glutathione levels influences cytotoxicity to isolated human lymphocytes by sulfur mustard , 1993, Cell Biology and Toxicology.

[37]  W. Bloch,et al.  Functional Interaction of Caveolin-1 and eNOS in Myocardial Capillary Endothelium Revealed by Immunoelectron Microscopy , 2001, The journal of histochemistry and cytochemistry : official journal of the Histochemistry Society.

[38]  C. Simbulan-Rosenthal,et al.  PARP determines the mode of cell death in skin fibroblasts, but not keratinocytes, exposed to sulfur mustard. , 2001, The Journal of investigative dermatology.

[39]  J. Dacre,et al.  Toxicology and pharmacology of the chemical warfare agent sulfur mustard. , 1995, Pharmacological reviews.

[40]  C. Lindsay,et al.  Diisopropylglutathione ester protects A549 cells from the cytotoxic effects of sulphur mustard , 1998, Human & experimental toxicology.

[41]  A. Korkmaz,et al.  Molecular targets against mustard toxicity: implication of cell surface receptors, peroxynitrite production, and PARP activation , 2006, Archives of Toxicology.

[42]  D. Hinshaw,et al.  Activation of poly [ADP-Ribose] polymerase in endothelial cells and keratinocytes: role in an in vitro model of sulfur mustard-mediated vesication. , 1999, Toxicology and applied pharmacology.

[43]  R. Radi,et al.  Nitric Oxide and Peroxynitrite Interactions with Mitochondria , 2002, Biological chemistry.

[44]  K. Hirata,et al.  Beneficial effects of exogenous tetrahydrobiopterin on left ventricular remodeling after myocardial infarction in rats: the possible role of oxidative stress caused by uncoupled endothelial nitric oxide synthase. , 2008, Circulation journal : official journal of the Japanese Circulation Society.

[45]  R. Rupec,et al.  Role of NF-kappaB/RelA and MAPK pathways in keratinocytes in response to sulfur mustard. , 2008, The Journal of investigative dermatology.

[46]  M. Kankofer.  8-iso-prostaglandin F2alpha as a marker of tissue oxidative damage in bovine retained placenta. , 2002, Prostaglandins & other lipid mediators.

[47]  J. Dunlap,et al.  Effect of antioxidant treatment of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats on endoneurial blood flow, motor nerve conduction velocity, and vascular reactivity of epineurial arterioles of the sciatic nerve. , 2001, Diabetes.

[48]  C. Smith,et al.  Presence of methenamine/glutathione mixtures reduces the cytotoxic effect of sulphur mustard on cultured SVK-14 human keratinocytes in vitro , 1997, Human & experimental toxicology.

[49]  K. Kehe,et al.  Inhibition of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) influences the mode of sulfur mustard (SM)-induced cell death in HaCaT cells , 2008, Archives of Toxicology.

[50]  T. Sawyer,et al.  Protective effect of an inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase on sulphur mustard toxicity in vitro. , 1996, Toxicology and applied pharmacology.

[51]  W. Stremmel,et al.  Human gingival mucosal keratinocytes exhibiting anchorage-independent growth express increased inducible nitric oxide synthase: regulation by MAP kinases. , 2004, Nitric oxide : biology and chemistry.

[52]  W. Dröge.  Free radicals in the physiological control of cell function. , 2002, Physiological reviews.

[53]  P. Rice.  Sulphur Mustard Injuries of the Skin , 2003, Toxicological reviews.