Inhalation and epidermal exposure of volunteers to ethylene glycol: kinetics of absorption, urinary excretion, and metabolism to glycolate and oxalate.

[1]  O. Sejersted,et al.  Glycolate causes the acidosis in ethylene glycol poisoning and is effectively removed by hemodialysis. , 2009 .

[2]  M. Lodén,et al.  The in vitro permeability of human skin to benzene, ethylene glycol, formaldehyde, and n-hexane. , 2009, Acta pharmacologica et toxicologica.

[3]  J. Brent,et al.  Derivation of a chemical-specific adjustment factor (CSAF) for use in the assessment of risk from chronic exposure to ethylene glycol: application of International Programme for Chemical Safety guidelines. , 2005, Toxicology and applied pharmacology.

[4]  E W Carney,et al.  Development of a physiologically based pharmacokinetic model for ethylene glycol and its metabolite, glycolic Acid, in rats and humans. , 2005, Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology.

[5]  Richard A Corley,et al.  Mode of Action: Oxalate Crystal-Induced Renal Tubule Degeneration and Glycolic Acid-Induced Dysmorphogenesis—Renal and Developmental Effects of Ethylene Glycol , 2005, Critical reviews in toxicology.

[6]  G. Csanády,et al.  Human inhalation exposure to ethylene glycol , 2003, Archives of Toxicology.

[7]  H. Drexler,et al.  In vitro evaluation of the efficacy of skin barrier creams and protective gloves on percutaneous absorption of industrial solvents , 2003, International archives of occupational and environmental health.

[8]  A. Hesse,et al.  Effect of blackcurrant-, cranberry- and plum juice consumption on risk factors associated with kidney stone formation , 2002, European Journal of Clinical Nutrition.

[9]  R. Siener,et al.  The effect of different diets on urine composition and the risk of calcium oxalate crystallisation in healthy subjects. , 2002, European urology.

[10]  H. Merker,et al.  Effects of ethylene glycol and metabolites on in vitro development of rat embryos during organogenesis. , 2001, Toxicology in vitro : an international journal published in association with BIBRA.

[11]  M. Bartels,et al.  Dose-dependent nonlinear pharmacokinetics of ethylene glycol metabolites in pregnant (GD 10) and nonpregnant Sprague-Dawley rats following oral administration of ethylene glycol. , 2001, Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology.

[12]  B. A. Bush,et al.  Ethylene Glycol Toxicity: The Role of Serum Glycolic Acid In Hemodialysis , 2001, Journal of toxicology. Clinical toxicology.

[13]  A. Ichiyama,et al.  A spectrophotometric method for the determination of glycolate in urine and plasma with glycolate oxidase. , 2000, Journal of biochemistry.

[14]  W. H. Porter,et al.  Simultaneous determination of ethylene glycol and glycolic acid in serum by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. , 1999, Journal of analytical toxicology.

[15]  E. Carney,et al.  Ethylene glycol developmental toxicity: unraveling the roles of glycolic acid and metabolic acidosis. , 1999, Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology.

[16]  K. McMartin,et al.  Fomepizole for the treatment of ethylene glycol poisoning. Methylpyrazole for Toxic Alcohols Study Group. , 1999, The New England journal of medicine.

[17]  A. Hesse,et al.  Mass spectrometric-selected ion monitoring assay for an oxalate absorption test applying [13C2]oxalate. , 1998, Journal of chromatography. B, Biomedical sciences and applications.

[18]  P. Facchini,et al.  Biochemical approach to diagnosis and differentiation of primary hyperoxalurias: an update. , 1998, Journal of nephrology.

[19]  H. Savolainen,et al.  Biological monitoring of occupational exposure to 1-methoxy-2-propanol. , 1997, Journal of chromatography. B, Biomedical sciences and applications.

[20]  B. Ballantyne,et al.  Pharmacokinetics of ethylene glycol. II. Tissue distribution, dose-dependent elimination, and identification of urinary metabolites following single intravenous, peroral or percutaneous doses in female Sprague-Dawley rats and CD-1 mice. , 1996, Xenobiotica; the fate of foreign compounds in biological systems.

[21]  B. Ballantyne,et al.  Pharmacokinetics of ethylene glycol. I. Plasma disposition after single intravenous, peroral, or percutaneous doses in female Sprague-Dawley rats and CD-1 mice. , 1996, Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals.

[22]  B. Ballantyne,et al.  Pharmacokinetics of ethylene glycol. III. Plasma disposition and metabolic fate after single increasing intravenous, peroral, or percutaneous doses in the male Sprague-Dawley rat. , 1996, Xenobiotica; the fate of foreign compounds in biological systems.

[23]  H. Savolainen,et al.  Exposure to glycols and their renal effects in motor servicing workers. , 1995, Occupational medicine.

[24]  D. Assimos,et al.  Relationship of protein intake to urinary oxalate and glycolate excretion. , 1993, Kidney international.

[25]  H I Maibach,et al.  In vitro percutaneous absorption of [14C] ethylene glycol. , 1993, Journal of exposure analysis and environmental epidemiology.

[26]  M. Marangella,et al.  Plasma and urine glycolate assays for differentiating the hyperoxaluria syndromes. , 1992, The Journal of urology.

[27]  L. Smith,et al.  Quantitation of glycolate in urine by ion-chromatography. , 1991, Kidney international.

[28]  M. Törnqvist,et al.  Ethylene oxide doses in ethene-exposed fruit store workers. , 1989, Scandinavian journal of work, environment & health.

[29]  R. Tardif,et al.  Species differences in the urinary disposition of some metabolites of ethylene oxide. , 1987, Fundamental and applied toxicology : official journal of the Society of Toxicology.

[30]  L. Ehrenberg,et al.  Tissue doses of ethylene oxide in cigarette smokers determined from adduct levels in hemoglobin. , 1986, Carcinogenesis.

[31]  H. Bolt,et al.  Inhalation pharmacokinetics based on gas uptake studies , 1984, Archives of Toxicology.

[32]  Yung-sung Cheng,et al.  Deposition and fate of inhaled ethylene glycol vapor and condensation aerosol in the rat , 1983 .

[33]  R. Kroes,et al.  Disposition kinetics of ethylene oxide, ethylene glycol, and 2-chlorethanol in the dog. , 1982, Journal of toxicology and environmental health.

[34]  E. Leumann,et al.  Glycolic acid in urine. A colorimetric method with values in normal adult controls and in patients with primary hyperoxaluria. , 1978, Clinica chimica acta; international journal of clinical chemistry.

[35]  H. Greim,et al.  New scientific arguments for regulation of ethylene oxide residues in skin-care products , 2009, Archives of Toxicology.

[36]  L. Ehrenberg,et al.  Pharmacokinetics of ethylene in man; body burden with ethylene oxide and hydroxyethylation of hemoglobin due to endogenous and environmental ethylene , 2005, Archives of Toxicology.

[37]  M. E. Meek,et al.  Ethylene glycol : human health aspects , 2002 .

[38]  S. Dobson Ethylene Glycol : environmental aspects , 2000 .

[39]  J. LaKind,et al.  A review of the comparative mammalian toxicity of ethylene glycol and propylene glycol. , 1999, Critical reviews in toxicology.

[40]  B. Wolf,et al.  Ethylene glycol poisoning: toxicokinetic and analytical factors affecting laboratory diagnosis. , 1998, Clinical chemistry.

[41]  Daniel Drolet,et al.  A study of ethylene glycol exposure and kidney function of aircraft de-icing workers , 1997, International archives of occupational and environmental health.

[42]  J. D. Sun,et al.  In vitro skin penetration of ethylene glycol using excised skin from mice and humans , 1995 .

[43]  W. Ritschel,et al.  Handbook of basic pharmacokinetics-- including clinical applications , 1992 .

[44]  K. McMartin,et al.  Ethylene glycol intoxication: evaluation of kinetics and crystalluria. , 1988, The American journal of medicine.

[45]  D. Feinfeld,et al.  Clearance of ethylene glycol by kidneys and hemodialysis. , 1987, Journal of toxicology. Clinical toxicology.

[46]  R. Chalmers,et al.  L-Glyceric aciduria (primary hyperoxaluria type 2) in siblings in two unrelated families. , 1984, Journal of inherited metabolic disease.

[47]  J. H. Wills,et al.  Inhalation of aerosolized ethylene glycol by man. , 1974, Clinical toxicology.

[48]  E. McChesney,et al.  Reappraisal of the toxicology of ethylene glycol. II. Metabolism studies in laboratory animals. , 1971, Food and cosmetics toxicology.

[49]  K. Bove Ethylene glycol toxicity. , 1966, American journal of clinical pathology.