An amperometric uric acid biosensor based on modified Ir-C electrode.

The level of uric acid (UA) has a high relationship with gout, hyperuricemia and Lesch-Nyan syndrome. The determination of UA is an important indicator for clinics and diagnoses of kidney failure. An amperometric UA biosensor based on an Ir-modified carbon (Ir-C) working electrode with immobilizing uricase (EC 1.7.3.3) was developed by thick film screen printing technique. This is the first time to report the utilization of an uricase/Ir-C electrode for the determination of UA by using chronoamperometric (CA) method. The high selectivity of UA biosensor was achieved due to the reduction of H(2)O(2) oxidation potential based on Ir-C electrode. Using uricase/Ir-C as the sensing electrode, the interference from the electroactive biological species, such as ascorbic acid (AA) and UA (might be directly oxidized on the sensing electrode) was slight at the sensing potential of 0.25 V (versus Ag/AgCl). UA was detected amperometrically based on uricase/Ir-C electrode with a sensitivity of 16.60 microAmM(-1) over the concentration range of 0.1-0.8 mMUA, which was within the normal range in blood. The detection limit of UA biosensor was 0.01 mM (S/N=6.18) in pH 7 phosphate buffer solution (PBS) at 37 degrees C. The effects of pH, temperature, and enzymatic loading on the sensing characteristics of the UA biosensor were also investigated in this study.

[1]  Chung-Yu Wu,et al.  Detection of serum uric acid using the optical polymeric enzyme biochip system. , 2004, Biosensors & bioelectronics.

[2]  Zhengdong Sun,et al.  Immobilization of uricase on ZnO nanorods for a reagentless uric acid biosensor , 2004 .

[3]  S. Kuwabata,et al.  A biomimetic phospholipid/alkanethiolate bilayer immobilizing uricase and an electron mediator on an Au electrode for amperometric determination of uric acid. , 1999, Analytical chemistry.

[4]  G. Zhu,et al.  Sol-gel derived iridium composite glucose biosensor , 2002 .

[5]  T. C. Saldanha,et al.  Modified microelectrodes and multivariate calibration for flow injection amperometric simultaneous determination of ascorbic acid, dopamine, epinephrine and dipyrone. , 2000, The Analyst.

[6]  G. Rivas,et al.  Glucose microsensor based on electrochemical deposition of iridium and glucose oxidase onto carbon fiber electrodes , 1997 .

[7]  Guillermina L. Luque,et al.  Glucose Biosensor Based on the Use of a Carbon Nanotube Paste Electrode Modified with Metallic Particles , 2006 .

[8]  Protiva Rani Roy,et al.  Simultaneous electrochemical detection of uric acid and ascorbic acid at a poly(N,N-dimethylaniline) film-coated GC electrode , 2004 .

[9]  K. Shiu,et al.  Determination of Uric Acid at Electrochemically Activated Glassy Carbon Electrode , 2001 .

[10]  M. Dávila,et al.  Capability of a carbon–polyvinylchloride composite electrode for the detection of dopamine, ascorbic acid and uric acid , 2004 .

[11]  J. Anzai,et al.  Amperometric uric acid sensors based on polyelectrolyte multilayer films. , 2003, Talanta.

[12]  Ryoji Kurita,et al.  Reductive H2O2 Detection at Nanoparticle Iridium/Carbon Film Electrode and Its Application as L-Glutamate Enzyme Sensor , 2004 .

[13]  H. Luo,et al.  Simultaneous voltammetric measurement of ascorbic acid, epinephrine and uric acid at a glassy carbon electrode modified with caffeic acid. , 2006, Biosensors & bioelectronics.

[14]  M. Smyth,et al.  Poly(o-aminophenol)-modified bienzyme carbon paste electrode for the detection of uric acid. , 1996, Talanta.

[15]  Y. Hasebe,et al.  Highly sensitive flow detection of uric acid based on an intermediate regeneration of uricase. , 1998, The Analyst.

[16]  Ren-yu Xue,et al.  Amperometric biosensor for uric acid based on uricase-immobilized silk fibroin membrane , 1998 .

[17]  M. K. Sezgintürk,et al.  A biosensor based on urate oxidase-peroxidase coupled enzyme system for uric acid determination in urine. , 2003, Talanta.

[18]  J. Premkumar,et al.  Electrocatalytic oxidations of biological molecules (ascorbic acid and uric acids) at highly oxidized electrodes , 2005 .

[19]  L. Angnes,et al.  Flow injection analysis-amperometric determination of ascorbic and uric acids in urine using arrays of gold microelectrodes modified by electrodeposition of palladium☆ , 2000 .

[20]  G. Guilbault,et al.  Enzyme electrode sensing oxygen for uric acid in serum and urine. , 1974, Analytical chemistry.

[21]  S. Kuwabata,et al.  PREPARATION AND PROPERTIES OF AMPEROMETRIC URIC ACID SENSORS , 1998 .

[22]  M. Ferrer,et al.  A reagent less fluorescent sol-gel biosensor for uric acid detection in biological fluids. , 2003, Analytical biochemistry.

[23]  A Selective Voltammetric Method for Uric Acid Detection at a Glassy Carbon Electrode Modified with Electrodeposited Film Containing DNA and Pt‐Fe(III) Nanocomposites , 2004 .

[24]  Zhiqiang Gao,et al.  Determination of ascorbic acid in a mixture of ascorbic acid and uric acid at a chemically modified electrode , 1997 .

[25]  Martin M. F. Choi.  Progress in Enzyme-Based Biosensors Using Optical Transducers , 2004 .

[26]  Yuming Huang,et al.  Animal tissue-based chemiluminescence sensing of uric acid , 2005 .

[27]  G. Rivas,et al.  AN ENZYMATIC GLUCOSE BIOSENSOR BASED ON THE CODEPOSITION OF RHODIUM, IRIDIUM, AND GLUCOSE OXIDASE ONTO A GLASSY CARBON TRANSDUCER , 2001 .

[28]  G. Rivas,et al.  Glucose Biosensor Prepared by the Deposition of Iridium and Glucose Oxidase on Glassy Carbon Transducer , 1999 .

[29]  X. Lin,et al.  Covalent modification of glassy carbon electrode with glutamic acid for simultaneous determination of uric acid and ascorbic acid. , 2001, The Analyst.

[30]  Y. Xian,et al.  ZnS quantum dots derived a reagentless uric acid biosensor. , 2006, Talanta.

[31]  Xiangqin Lin,et al.  Selective Determination of Uric Acid by Using a β-Cyclodextrin Modified Electrode , 2001 .

[32]  G. Rivas,et al.  Amperometric Biosensor for Phenols and Catechols Based on Iridium‐Polyphenol Oxidase‐Modified Carbon Paste , 2000 .

[33]  T. Ohsaka,et al.  Voltammetric detection of uric acid in the presence of ascorbic acid at a gold electrode modified with a self-assembled monolayer of heteroaromatic thiol , 2003 .

[34]  Xiao-hua Li,et al.  Assay for uric acid level in rat striatum by a reagentless biosensor based on functionalized multi-wall carbon nanotubes with tin oxide , 2005, Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry.