Transition metal chlorides are Lewis acids toward terminal chloride attached to late transition metals.

Two different neutral tridentate imine-donor pincer ligands interact with excess MCl2 (M = Co or Cu) to form compounds of the same stoichiometry, (LMCl2)2·MCl2, where the assembling force is the electron richness of the terminal chlorides on the LMCl2 unit. Finite aggregation occurs for M = Co, but for M = Cu, an infinite polymeric structure is adopted, all because MCl2 is bifunctional, which thus bridges multiple MCl units. The bis-pyrazolylpyridine ligand has two acidic NH protons, and both of these are involved in intramolecular hydrogen bonds. The generality of this Lewis acid aggregation is discussed.

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