REGIONAL AND SUBCELLULAR DISTRIBUTION OF HOMOCARNOSINE–CARNOSINE SYNTHETASE IN THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM OF RATS

Homocarnosine–carnosine synthetase and carnosinase were assayed in homogenates, 100,000 g supernatants, and ammonium sulfate fractions of the supernatants from nine regions of the central nervous system (CNS), as well as subcellular fractions of whole brains. The enzymes were detected in all CNS regions tested, with olfactory bulbs having the highest activities of both enzymes. In the subcellular fractions, the synthetase was found mainly in the cell‐sap; carnosinase was detected in all fractions, the highest activity being in the mitochondria. The synthetases from olfactory bulbs, cerebellum and spinal cord have similar Km's for β‐alanine and GABA.

[1]  Å. Sellström,et al.  Metabolism of carnosine and homocarnosine in subcellular fractions and neuronal and glial cell‐enriched fractions of rabbit brain , 1977, Journal of neurochemistry.

[2]  J. Lenney.  Specificity and distribution of mammalian carnosinase. , 1976, Biochimica et biophysica acta.

[3]  E. Roberts,et al.  Studies of metabolism of imidazole compounds in mouse brain , 1975 .

[4]  F. Margolis.  Biochemical Markers of the Primary Olfactory Pathway: A Model Neural System , 1975 .

[5]  A. Neidle,et al.  Carnosine--an olfactory bulb peptide. , 1974, Brain research.

[6]  F. Margolis.  Carnosine in the Primary Olfactory Pathway , 1974, Science.

[7]  F. D. Marshall,et al.  SOME PROPERTIES OF A HOMOCARNOSINE‐CARNOSINE SYNTHETASE ISOLATED FROM RAT BRAIN 1 , 1973, Journal of neurochemistry.

[8]  C. Enwonwu,et al.  ACCUMULATION OF HISTIDINE, 3‐METHYLHISTIDINE, AND HOMOCARNOSINE IN THE BRAINS OF PROTEIN‐CALORIE DEFICIENT MONKEYS 1 , 1973, Journal of neurochemistry.

[9]  E. Roberts,et al.  Methods for study of imidazole compounds and application to brain and cancer cells. , 1973, Biochemical pharmacology.

[10]  Shirley Hansen,et al.  Huntington's Chorea , 1973 .

[11]  E. Robins,et al.  Regional distribution of tyrosine hydroxylase in rat brain 1 , 1972, Journal of neurochemistry.

[12]  F. D. Marshall,et al.  Incorporation of [14C] histidine into homocarnosine and carnosine of frog brain in vivo and in vitro. , 1969, The Biochemical journal.

[13]  S. Udenfriend,et al.  The distribution of homocarnosine in mammals. , 1962, Archives of biochemistry and biophysics.

[14]  O. H. Lowry,et al.  Protein measurement with the Folin phenol reagent. , 1951, The Journal of biological chemistry.

[15]  Smith El,et al.  Carnosinase; an enzyme of swine kidney. , 1949 .