Lysinibacillus louembei sp. nov., a spore-forming bacterium isolated from Ntoba Mbodi, alkaline fermented leaves of cassava from the Republic of the Congo.

Investigation of the microbial diversity of Ntoba Mbodi, an African food made from the alkaline fermentation of cassava leaves, revealed the presence of a Gram-positive, catalase-positive, aerobic, motile and rod-shaped endospore-forming bacterium (NM73) with unusual phenotypic and genotypic characteristics. The analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence revealed that the isolate was most closely related to Lysinibacillus meyeri WS 4626T (98.93%), Lysinibacillus xylanilyticus XDB9T (96.95%) and Lysinibacillus odysseyi 34hs-1T (96.94%). The DNA-DNA relatedness of the isolate with L. meyeri LMG 26643T, L. xylanilyticus DSM 23493T and L. odysseyi DSM 18869T was 41%, 16% and 15%, respectively. The internal transcribed spacer-PCR profile of the isolate was different from those of closely related bacteria. The cell-wall peptidoglycan type was A4α, L-Lys-D-Asp and the major fatty acids were iso-C15:0, anteiso-C15:0, anteiso-C17:0 and iso-C17:0 and iso-C17:1ω10c. The polar lipids included phosphatidylethanolamine, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphoaminolipid, aminolipid, two phospholipids and two unknown lipids. The predominant menaquinones were MK-7 and MK-6. Ribose was the only whole-cell sugar detected. The DNA G+C content was 38 mol%. Based on the results of the phenotypic and genotypic characterization, it was concluded that the isolate represents a novel species of the genus Lysinibacillus, for which the name of Lysinibacillus louembei sp. nov. is proposed. NM73T ( = DSM 25583T = LMG 26837T) represents the type strain.

[1]  Koichiro Tamura,et al.  MEGA6: Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis version 6.0. , 2013, Molecular biology and evolution.

[2]  Gejiao Wang,et al.  Lysinibacillus manganicus sp. nov., isolated from manganese mining soil. , 2013, International journal of systematic and evolutionary microbiology.

[3]  P. Kämpfer,et al.  Lysinibacillus contaminans sp. nov., isolated from surface water. , 2013, International journal of systematic and evolutionary microbiology.

[4]  S. Scherer,et al.  Lysinibacillus meyeri sp. nov., isolated from a medical practice. , 2013, International journal of systematic and evolutionary microbiology.

[5]  L. Ouoba,et al.  Molecular identification and safety of Bacillus species involved in the fermentation of African oil beans (Pentaclethra macrophylla Benth) for production of Ugba. , 2013, International journal of food microbiology.

[6]  Joong-Su Kim,et al.  Description of Lysinibacillus sinduriensis sp. nov., and transfer of Bacillus massiliensis and Bacillus odysseyi to the genus Lysinibacillus as Lysinibacillus massiliensis comb. nov. and Lysinibacillus odysseyi comb. nov. with emended description of the genus Lysinibacillus. , 2012, International journal of systematic and evolutionary microbiology.

[7]  P. de Vos,et al.  Lysinibacillus macroides sp. nov., nom. rev. , 2012, International journal of systematic and evolutionary microbiology.

[8]  J. Chun,et al.  Introducing EzTaxon-e: a prokaryotic 16S rRNA gene sequence database with phylotypes that represent uncultured species. , 2012, International journal of systematic and evolutionary microbiology.

[9]  Wenjun Li,et al.  Lysinibacillus mangiferahumi sp. nov., a new bacterium producing nematicidal volatiles , 2012, Antonie van Leeuwenhoek.

[10]  P. Schumann.  5 – Peptidoglycan Structure , 2011 .

[11]  T. Oh,et al.  Lysinibacillus xylanilyticus sp. nov., a xylan-degrading bacterium isolated from forest humus. , 2010, International journal of systematic and evolutionary microbiology.

[12]  W. Ludwig,et al.  Notes on the characterization of prokaryote strains for taxonomic purposes. , 2010, International journal of systematic and evolutionary microbiology.

[13]  P. de Vos,et al.  Proposed minimal standards for describing new taxa of aerobic, endospore-forming bacteria. , 2009, International journal of systematic and evolutionary microbiology.

[14]  T. Fujiwara,et al.  Lysinibacillus parviboronicapiens sp. nov., a low-boron-containing bacterium isolated from soil. , 2009, International journal of systematic and evolutionary microbiology.

[15]  K. Schleifer.  Phylum XIII. Firmicutes Gibbons and Murray 1978, 5 (Firmacutes [sic] Gibbons and Murray 1978, 5) , 2009 .

[16]  L. Ouoba,et al.  Enterotoxins and emetic toxins production by Bacillus cereus and other species of Bacillus isolated from Soumbala and Bikalga, African alkaline fermented food condiments. , 2008, International journal of food microbiology.

[17]  T. Fujiwara,et al.  Proposal of Lysinibacillus boronitolerans gen. nov. sp. nov., and transfer of Bacillus fusiformis to Lysinibacillus fusiformis comb. nov. and Bacillus sphaericus to Lysinibacillus sphaericus comb. nov. , 2007, International journal of systematic and evolutionary microbiology.

[18]  T. Schmidt,et al.  Methods for General and Molecular Microbiology, Third Edition , 2007 .

[19]  T. Beveridge,et al.  Methods for general and molecular microbiology , 2007 .

[20]  B. Tindall,et al.  Phenotypic Characterization and the Principles of Comparative Systematics , 2007 .

[21]  P. L. Møller,et al.  Genotyping of starter cultures of Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus pumilus for fermentation of African locust bean (Parkia biglobosa) to produce Soumbala. , 2004, International journal of food microbiology.

[22]  K. Venkateswaran,et al.  Bacillus odysseyi sp. nov., a round-spore-forming bacillus isolated from the Mars Odyssey spacecraft. , 2004, International journal of systematic and evolutionary microbiology.

[23]  J. Swings,et al.  Re-examination of the genus Acetobacter, with descriptions of Acetobacter cerevisiae sp. nov. and Acetobacter malorum sp. nov. , 2002, International journal of systematic and evolutionary microbiology.

[24]  D. Gevers,et al.  Applicability of rep-PCR fingerprinting for identification of Lactobacillus species. , 2001, FEMS microbiology letters.

[25]  A. Fox,et al.  Precise molecular weight determination of PCR products of the rRNA intergenic spacer region using electrospray quadrupole mass spectrometry for differentiation of B. subtilis and B. atrophaeus, closely related species of bacilli. , 2000, Journal of microbiological methods.

[26]  Thomas L. Madden,et al.  Gapped BLAST and PSI-BLAST: a new generation of protein database search programs. , 1997, Nucleic acids research.

[27]  V. Stanisich,et al.  New approaches to typing and identification of bacteria using the 16S-23S rDNA spacer region. , 1996, Microbiology.

[28]  B. Tindall.  A comparative study of the lipid composition of Halobacterium saccharovorum from various sources , 1990 .

[29]  B. Tindall.  Lipid composition of Halobacterium lacusprofundi , 1990 .

[30]  Takayuki Ezaki,et al.  Fluorometric Deoxyribonucleic Acid-Deoxyribonucleic Acid Hybridization in Microdilution Wells as an Alternative to Membrane Filter Hybridization in which Radioisotopes Are Used To Determine Genetic Relatedness among Bacterial Strains , 1989 .

[31]  W. Whitman,et al.  Precise Measurement of the G+C Content of Deoxyribonucleic Acid by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography , 1989 .

[32]  T. Devine,et al.  Fatty Acids, Antibiotic Resistance, and Deoxyribonucleic Acid Homology Groups of Bradyrhizobium japonicum , 1988 .

[33]  O. Kandler,et al.  International Committee on Systematic Bacteriology: announcement of the report of the ad hoc Committee on Reconciliation of Approaches to Bacterial Systematics. , 1987, Zentralblatt fur Bakteriologie, Mikrobiologie, und Hygiene. Series A, Medical microbiology, infectious diseases, virology, parasitology.

[34]  A. Kotoujansky,et al.  Detection of depolymerase isoenzymes after electrophoresis or electrofocusing, or in titration curves. , 1984, Analytical biochemistry.

[35]  J. Staneck,et al.  Simplified approach to identification of aerobic actinomycetes by thin-layer chromatography. , 1974, Applied microbiology.