On data limitations in hyperactivity.

Three groups of children rated firstly as overactive and distractible, secondly as distractible and thirdly as low on both activity and distractibility were examined in a visual search task with three levels of display load: two, three and four items. The children were tested twice in two conditions of stimulus visibility to examine the encoding stage of the model used here. The experimental results reject the hypothesis that an encoding deficit or data limitation may explain the attentional performance of either hyperactive or somewhat hyperactive subjects. They suggest, rather, that a trade-off in speed and accuracy may be evident in (the) hyperactives.

[1]  D. Klein,et al.  Problems in the Diagnosis of Minimal Brain Dysfunction and the Hyperkinetic Syndrome , 1975 .

[2]  R. Klorman,et al.  Effects of methylphenidate on hyperactive children's evoked responses during passive and active attention. , 1979, Psychophysiology.

[3]  V. Douglas,et al.  Sustained attention in hyperactive children. , 1973, Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines.

[4]  R. Dykman,et al.  Selective and Sustained Attention in Hyperactive, Learning‐Disabled, and Normal Boys , 1979, The Journal of nervous and mental disease.

[5]  M. Rutter,et al.  The characteristics of situationally and pervasively hyperactive children: implications for syndrome definition. , 1981, Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines.

[6]  J. Sergeant,et al.  On resource strategy limitations in hyperactivity: cognitive impulsivity reconsidered. , 1985, Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines.

[7]  G J Harris,et al.  High speed memory scanning in mental retardates: evidence for a central processing deficit. , 1974, Journal of experimental child psychology.

[8]  Daniel G Bobrow,et al.  On data-limited and resource-limited processes , 1975, Cognitive Psychology.

[9]  B. Fish.  The One Child, One Drug Myth of Stimulants in Hyperkinesis: Importance of Diagnostic Categories in Evaluating Treatment , 1971 .

[10]  J. Stamm,et al.  Evoked potential and behavioral signs of attentive dysfunctions in hyperactive boys. , 1980, Psychophysiology.

[11]  A Radosh,et al.  The effect of appealing distractors on the performance of hyperactive children , 1981, Journal of abnormal child psychology.

[12]  H. Abikoff,et al.  Classroom observation code for hyperactive children: a replication of validity. , 1980, Journal of consulting and clinical psychology.

[13]  R. D. Young,et al.  Hyperactive boys in their classroom: Assessment of teacher and peer perceptions, interactions, and classroom behaviors , 1979, Journal of abnormal child psychology.

[14]  S. Zentall,et al.  Behavioral comparisons of hyperactive and normally active children in natural settings , 1980, Journal of abnormal child psychology.

[15]  T. Zahn,et al.  Minimal brain dysfunction, stimulant drugs, and autonomic nervous system activity. , 1975, Archives of general psychiatry.

[16]  D. Klein,et al.  Are Behavioral and Psychometric Changes Related in Methylphenidate-Treated, Hyperactive Children? , 1975 .

[17]  R. Sprague,et al.  Methylphenidate and thioridazine: learning, reaction time, activity, and classroom behavior in disturbed children. , 1970, The American journal of orthopsychiatry.

[18]  H. Abikoff,et al.  Validation of a classroom observation code for hyperactive children. , 1977, Journal of consulting and clinical psychology.

[19]  J. Goldberg,et al.  Vigilance in hyperactive and normal children on a self-paced operant task. , 1981, Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines.

[20]  B. Cohen,et al.  Saccades of Hyperactive and Normal Boys During Ocular Pursuit , 1981, Developmental medicine and child neurology.

[21]  Walter Schneider,et al.  Controlled and automatic human information processing: II. Perceptual learning, automatic attending and a general theory. , 1977 .

[22]  T. Allen,et al.  Intratask distractibility in hyperkinetic and nonhyperkinetic children , 1980, Journal of abnormal child psychology.

[23]  M. Wolraich,et al.  Effects of methylphenidate alone and in combination with behavior modification procedures on the behavior and academic performance of hyperactive children , 1978, Journal of abnormal child psychology.

[24]  C. Mcintyre,et al.  Span of apprehension in hyperactive boys , 1978, Journal of abnormal child psychology.

[25]  R. C. Oldfield.  The assessment and analysis of handedness: the Edinburgh inventory. , 1971, Neuropsychologia.

[26]  J. Sergeant,et al.  Hyperactivity, impulsivity and reflectivity: an examination of their relationship and implications for clinical child psychology. , 1979, Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines.

[27]  S. Clements,et al.  Minimal brain dysfunctions in the school-age child. Diagnosis and treatment. , 1962, Archives of general psychiatry.

[28]  L. Greenhill,et al.  A critical note on the predictive validity of "the hyperkinetic syndrome". , 1979, Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines.

[29]  R. Dykman,et al.  Effects of Methylphenidate on Selective and Sustained Attention in Hyperactive, Reading-disabled, and Presumably Attention-disordered Boys , 1980, The Journal of nervous and mental disease.

[30]  J. Sergeant,et al.  A stages-of-information approach to hyperactivity. , 1983, Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines.

[31]  R. Walls,et al.  Children with learning disabilities: conditioning, differentiation, and the effect of distraction. , 1970, The American journal of orthopsychiatry.

[32]  W. Pelham.  Selective attention deficits in poor readers? Dichotic listening, speeded classification, and auditory and visual central and incidental learning tasks. , 1979, Child development.

[33]  Cognitive processes in normal and hyperactive children and their response to amphetamine treatment. , 1980 .