CLASSIFICATION OF LIDAR POINT CLOUD AND GENERATION OF DTM FROM LIDAR HEIGHT AND INTENSITY DATA IN FORESTED AREA

LIDAR (Light Detection And Ranging) is a mature remote sensing technology which can provide accurate elevation data for both topographic surfaces and above-ground objects. Derivation of accurate digital terrain models is one of its important applications, especially for complex scenes. In recent years, many different approaches have been developed to separate ground points from object points, including mathematical morphology, adaptive and robust filtering, and unsupervised segmentation. Most of these algorithms are based on geometric characteristics of LIDAR points. This paper presents an approach to separate vegetation points from ground points in a mountainous area. The approach is mostly based on skewness change of LIDAR intensity information from both all laser returns. LIDAR data for the study area provided by ISPRS Commission III Working Group 3 are used to test the algorithm. Results show that the method can efficiently separate ground points from above-ground points in a forested area. * Corresponding author.

[1]  Donald G. Leckie,et al.  Automated measurements of terrain reflection and height variations using an airborne infrared laser system , 1985 .

[2]  K. Kraus,et al.  Determination of terrain models in wooded areas with airborne laser scanner data , 1998 .

[3]  G. Vosselman.  SLOPE BASED FILTERING OF LASER ALTIMETRY DATA , 2000 .

[4]  P. Axelsson.  DEM Generation from Laser Scanner Data Using Adaptive TIN Models , 2000 .

[5]  G. Vosselman,et al.  ADJUSTMENT AND FILTERING OF RAW LASER ALTIMETRY DATA , 2001 .

[6]  M. Roggero.  Airborne laser scanning: clustering in raw data , 2001 .

[7]  M. Elmqvist,et al.  TERRAIN MODELLING AND ANALYSIS USING LASER SCANNER DATA , 2001 .

[8]  G. Sithole.  FILTERING OF LASER ALTIMETRY DATA USING A SLOPE ADAPTIVE FILTER , 2001 .

[9]  S. Filin.  SURFACE CLUSTERING FROM AIRBORNE LASER SCANNING DATA , 2002 .

[10]  C. Briese,et al.  A NEW METHOD FOR BUILDING EXTRACTION IN URBAN AREAS FROM HIGH-RESOLUTION LIDAR DATA , 2002 .

[11]  M. Brovelli,et al.  Managing and processing LIDAR data within GRASS , 2002 .

[12]  Marco Roggero,et al.  Object segmentation with region growing and principal component analisys , 2002 .

[13]  Chengcui Zhang,et al.  A progressive morphological filter for removing nonground measurements from airborne LIDAR data , 2003, IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote. Sens..

[14]  Peter Krzystek,et al.  FILTERING OF LASER SCANNING DATA IN FOREST AREAS USING FINITE ELEMENTS , 2003 .

[15]  Yerach Doytsher,et al.  Automatic DTM Extraction from Dense Raw LIDAR Data in Urban Areas , 2003 .

[16]  Åsa Persson,et al.  Identifying species of individual trees using airborne laser scanner , 2004 .

[17]  George Vosselman,et al.  Experimental comparison of filter algorithms for bare-Earth extraction from airborne laser scanning point clouds , 2004 .

[18]  K. Mengersen,et al.  Airborne laser scanning: Exploratory data analysis indicates potential variables for classification of individual trees or forest stands according to species , 2005 .

[19]  Hong Wei,et al.  DTM Generation from LIDAR Data using Skewness Balancing , 2006, 18th International Conference on Pattern Recognition (ICPR'06).

[20]  W. Wagner,et al.  Gaussian decomposition and calibration of a novel small-footprint full-waveform digitising airborne laser scanner , 2006 .

[21]  Matt Duckham,et al.  ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing—theme issue “From sensors to systems: Advances in distributed geoinformatics” , 2006 .

[22]  K. Olaf Niemann,et al.  Exploring Small Footprint Lidar Intensity Data in a Forested Environment , 2006, 2006 IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing.

[23]  Norbert Pfeifer,et al.  An improved morphological filter for selecting relief points from a LIDAR point cloud in steep areas with dense vegetation , 2006 .

[24]  W. Wagner,et al.  Accuracy of large-scale canopy heights derived from LiDAR data under operational constraints in a complex alpine environment , 2006 .

[25]  Manfred Ehlers,et al.  Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing , 2007 .

[26]  E. Næsset,et al.  UTILIZING AIRBORNE LASER INTENSITY FOR TREE SPECIES CLASSIFICATION , 2007 .

[27]  D. Donoghue,et al.  Remote sensing of species mixtures in conifer plantations using LiDAR height and intensity data , 2007 .

[28]  P. Gong,et al.  Filtering airborne laser scanning data with morphological methods , 2007 .

[29]  Norbert Pfeifer,et al.  GLACIER SURFACE SEGMENTATION USING AIRBORNE LASER SCANNING POINT CLOUD AND INTENSITY DATA , 2007 .

[30]  N. Pfeifer,et al.  Correction of laser scanning intensity data: Data and model-driven approaches , 2007 .

[31]  Chunxiang Cao,et al.  Segmentation to the point clouds of LIDAR data based on change of Kurtosis , 2008, Applied Optics and Photonics China.

[32]  W. Cao,et al.  The International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, Vol. XXXVIII-4/C7 CLASSIFICATION OF HIGH RESOLUTION OPTICAL AND SAR FUSION IMAGE USING FUZZY KNOWLEDGE AND OBJECT-ORIENTED PARADIGM , 2010 .