Crystal structure of the N-terminal domain of sialoadhesin in complex with 3' sialyllactose at 1.85 A resolution.

The structure of the functional N-terminal domain from the extracellular region of the cell surface receptor sialoadhesin has been determined in complex with the oligosaccharide 3' sialyllactose. This provides structural information for the siglec family of proteins. The structure conforms to the V-set immunoglobulin-like fold but contains several distinctive features, including an intra-beta sheet disulphide and a splitting of the standard beta strand G into two shorter strands. These novel features appear important in adapting the V-set fold for sialic acid-mediated recognition. Analysis of the complex with 3'sialyllactose highlights three residues, conserved throughout the siglec family, as key features of the sialic acid-binding template. The complex is representative of the functional recognition interaction with carbohydrate and as such provides detailed information for a heterotypic cell adhesion interaction.

[1]  A. Varki,et al.  The oligosaccharide binding specificities of CD22 beta, a sialic acid-specific lectin of B cells. , 1994, The Journal of biological chemistry.

[2]  M. Kiso,et al.  Structure-function studies on selectin carbohydrate ligands. Modifications to fucose, sialic acid and sulphate as a sialic acid replacement. , 1993, Glycobiology.

[3]  A. Barclay,et al.  Localization of the Putative Sialic Acid-binding Site on the Immunoglobulin Superfamily Cell-surface Molecule CD22 (*) , 1996, The Journal of Biological Chemistry.

[4]  W. Hendrickson,et al.  Crystal Structure of the Extracellular Domain from P0, the Major Structural Protein of Peripheral Nerve Myelin , 1996, Neuron.

[5]  D. Shotton,et al.  Purification and properties of sialoadhesin, a sialic acid‐binding receptor of murine tissue macrophages. , 1991, The EMBO journal.

[6]  M. Takeichi,et al.  Cadherin cell adhesion receptors as a morphogenetic regulator. , 1991, Science.

[7]  Kuo-Sen Huang,et al.  Insight into E-selectin/ligand interaction from the crystal structure and mutagenesis of the lec/EGF domains , 1994, Nature.

[8]  S. Gordon,et al.  Sialoadhesin binds preferentially to cells of the granulocytic lineage. , 1995, The Journal of clinical investigation.

[9]  Peter D. Kwong,et al.  Structural basis of cell-cell adhesion by cadherins , 1995, Nature.

[10]  Collaborative Computational,et al.  The CCP4 suite: programs for protein crystallography. , 1994, Acta crystallographica. Section D, Biological crystallography.

[11]  D. Bacon,et al.  A fast algorithm for rendering space-filling molecule pictures , 1988 .

[12]  S. Ho,et al.  Site-directed mutagenesis by overlap extension using the polymerase chain reaction. , 1989, Gene.

[13]  M. Filbin,et al.  Sialoadhesin, myelin-associated glycoprotein and CD22 define a new family of sialic acid-dependent adhesion molecules of the immunoglobulin superfamily , 1994, Current Biology.

[14]  J. Thornton,et al.  PROCHECK: a program to check the stereochemical quality of protein structures , 1993 .

[15]  P. A. van der Merwe,et al.  The Amino-terminal Immunoglobulin-like Domain of Sialoadhesin Contains the Sialic Acid Binding Site , 1995, The Journal of Biological Chemistry.

[16]  Timothy A. Springer,et al.  Adhesion receptors of the immune system , 1990, Nature.

[17]  C. Bebbington,et al.  Expression of antibody genes in nonlymphoid mammalian cells , 1991 .

[18]  H. Lipp,et al.  Mice deficient for the glycoprotein show subtle abnormalities in myelin , 1994, Neuron.

[19]  K. Harlos.  Micro-bridges for sitting-drop crystallizations , 1992 .

[20]  J. Navaza,et al.  AMoRe: an automated package for molecular replacement , 1994 .

[21]  M. Kiso,et al.  Structural requirements for the carbohydrate ligand of E-selectin. , 1991, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[22]  R. Saiki,et al.  A general method of in vitro preparation and specific mutagenesis of DNA fragments: study of protein and DNA interactions. , 1988, Nucleic acids research.

[23]  J. Cyster,et al.  Tuning antigen receptor signaling by CD22: integrating cues from antigens and the microenvironment. , 1997, Immunity.

[24]  E. Jones,et al.  Characterization of the Sialic Acid-binding Site in Sialoadhesin by Site-directed Mutagenesis (*) , 1996, The Journal of Biological Chemistry.

[25]  C. Gabel,et al.  Introduction of Selectin-like Binding Specificity into a Homologous Mannose-binding Protein (*) , 1996, The Journal of Biological Chemistry.

[26]  J. Zou,et al.  Improved methods for building protein models in electron density maps and the location of errors in these models. , 1991, Acta crystallographica. Section A, Foundations of crystallography.

[27]  T. Kunkel.  Rapid and efficient site-specific mutagenesis without phenotypic selection. , 1985, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[28]  S. Gordon,et al.  Sialoadhesin, a macrophage sialic acid binding receptor for haemopoietic cells with 17 immunoglobulin‐like domains. , 1994, The EMBO journal.

[29]  T. Springer,et al.  Sticky sugars for selectins , 1991, Nature.

[30]  Z. Otwinowski,et al.  [20] Processing of X-ray diffraction data collected in oscillation mode. , 1997, Methods in enzymology.

[31]  P. Crocker,et al.  Characterization of CD33 as a new member of the sialoadhesin family of cellular interaction molecules. , 1995, Blood.

[32]  S. Sabesan,et al.  Characterization of Sialyloligosaccharide Binding by Recombinant Soluble and Native Cell-associated CD22 , 1995, The Journal of Biological Chemistry.

[33]  A T Brünger,et al.  Slow-cooling protocols for crystallographic refinement by simulated annealing. , 1990, Acta crystallographica. Section A, Foundations of crystallography.

[34]  P. Crocker,et al.  The species‐specific structure of microanatomical compartments in the human spleen: strongly sialoadhesin‐positive macrophages occur in the perifollicular zone, but not in the marginal zone , 1997, Immunology.

[35]  D. Sgroi,et al.  Siglecs: a family of sialic-acid binding lectins. , 1998, Glycobiology.

[36]  A. Varki,et al.  Natural ligands of the B cell adhesion molecule CD22 beta can be masked by 9-O-acetylation of sialic acids , 1994, The Journal of cell biology.

[37]  M. Kiso,et al.  Binding Specificities of the Sialoadhesin Family of I-type Lectins , 1997, The Journal of Biological Chemistry.

[38]  E. Jones,et al.  The immunoglobulin superfamily: Current Opinion in Structural Biology 1993, 3:846–852 , 1993 .

[39]  C. Wright,et al.  2.2 A resolution structure analysis of two refined N-acetylneuraminyl-lactose--wheat germ agglutinin isolectin complexes. , 1990, Journal of molecular biology.

[40]  J. Skehel,et al.  Binding of influenza virus hemagglutinin to analogs of its cell-surface receptor, sialic acid: analysis by proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and X-ray crystallography. , 1994, Biochemistry.

[41]  A. Brunger.  Free R value: a novel statistical quantity for assessing the accuracy of crystal structures. , 1992 .

[42]  J. Roder,et al.  Myelination in the absence of myelin-associated glycoprotein , 1994, Nature.

[43]  C. Sander,et al.  Protein structure comparison by alignment of distance matrices. , 1993, Journal of molecular biology.

[44]  L. Lasky,et al.  Selectins: interpreters of cell-specific carbohydrate information during inflammation. , 1992, Science.

[45]  E. Jones,et al.  Expression, crystallization, and preliminary X‐ray analysis of a sialic acid‐binding fragment of sialoadhesin in the presence and absence of ligand , 1997, Protein science : a publication of the Protein Society.

[46]  A. F. Williams,et al.  The immunoglobulin superfamily--domains for cell surface recognition. , 1988, Annual review of immunology.

[47]  Axel T. Brunger,et al.  X-PLOR Version 3.1: A System for X-ray Crystallography and NMR , 1992 .

[48]  E A Merritt,et al.  Raster3D Version 2.0. A program for photorealistic molecular graphics. , 1994, Acta crystallographica. Section D, Biological crystallography.

[49]  M. Filbin,et al.  Myelin-associated Glycoprotein Interacts with Neurons via a Sialic Acid Binding Site at ARG118 and a Distinct Neurite Inhibition Site , 1997, The Journal of cell biology.

[50]  M. Takeichi,et al.  Cadherins: a molecular family important in selective cell-cell adhesion. , 1990, Annual review of biochemistry.

[51]  J. Richardson,et al.  The anatomy and taxonomy of protein structure. , 1981, Advances in protein chemistry.

[52]  M. Filbin,et al.  Sialic Acid Specificity of Myelin-associated Glycoprotein Binding* , 1997, The Journal of Biological Chemistry.

[53]  T. K. van den Berg,et al.  Sialoadhesin on macrophages: its identification as a lymphocyte adhesion molecule , 1992, The Journal of experimental medicine.

[54]  W. Weis,et al.  Structure of a selectin-like mutant of mannose-binding protein complexed with sialylated and sulfated Lewis(x) oligosaccharides. , 1997, Biochemistry.

[55]  W. Weis,et al.  Structural basis of lectin-carbohydrate recognition. , 1996, Annual review of biochemistry.