The causal effects of inflammatory bowel disease on primary biliary cholangitis: A bidirectional two‐sample Mendelian randomization study

Observational studies have indicated that the incidence of primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) is higher in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients than that in healthy people. However, whether the correlation is causal remains unclear.

[1]  Jiuling Li,et al.  Mendelian Randomization Analysis Reveals No Causal Relationship Between Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Severe COVID-19 , 2022, Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology.

[2]  V. Golimbet,et al.  Bench Research Informed by GWAS Results , 2021, Cells.

[3]  G. Lv,et al.  Insights into modifiable risk factors of cholelithiasis: A Mendelian randomization study , 2021, Hepatology.

[4]  S. Lei,et al.  Identification of causal metabolites related to multiple autoimmune diseases. , 2021, Human molecular genetics.

[5]  V. Ronca,et al.  Gut-Liver Immune Traffic: Deciphering Immune-Pathogenesis to Underpin Translational Therapy , 2021, Frontiers in Immunology.

[6]  Weixun Zhou,et al.  Autoimmune enteropathy and primary biliary cholangitis after proctocolectomy for ulcerative colitis: A case report and review of the literature , 2021, World journal of gastroenterology.

[7]  Wei Wei,et al.  The pathogenesis, models and therapeutic advances of primary biliary cholangitis. , 2021, Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie.

[8]  Minzi Deng,et al.  Causal Linkage Between Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis: A Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Analysis , 2021, Frontiers in Genetics.

[9]  Youxin Wang,et al.  Causal associations between COVID-19 and atrial fibrillation: A bidirectional Mendelian randomization study , 2020, Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases.

[10]  G. Macedo,et al.  Primary biliary cholangitis in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. , 2020, Clinics and research in hepatology and gastroenterology.

[11]  Z. Ran,et al.  Emerging views of mitophagy in immunity and autoimmune diseases , 2020, Autophagy.

[12]  M. Gershwin,et al.  Clinical Management of Primary Biliary Cholangitis—Strategies and Evolving Trends , 2019, Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology.

[13]  M. Mikuła,et al.  Common functional alterations identified in blood transcriptome of autoimmune cholestatic liver and inflammatory bowel diseases , 2019, Scientific Reports.

[14]  A. Tanaka,et al.  The Genetics and Epigenetics of Primary Biliary Cholangitis. , 2018, Clinics in liver disease.

[15]  B. Neale,et al.  Detection of widespread horizontal pleiotropy in causal relationships inferred from Mendelian randomization between complex traits and diseases , 2018, Nature Genetics.

[16]  A. Bhide,et al.  A simplified guide to randomized controlled trials , 2018, Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica.

[17]  G. Alexander,et al.  The British Society of Gastroenterology/UK-PBC primary biliary cholangitis treatment and management guidelines , 2018, Gut.

[18]  J. Anaya,et al.  Primary biliary cholangitis: a comprehensive overview , 2017, Hepatology International.

[19]  S. Thompson,et al.  Interpreting findings from Mendelian randomization using the MR-Egger method , 2017, European Journal of Epidemiology.

[20]  Xiaofeng Yin,et al.  Interleukin-17A-Induced Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition of Human Intrahepatic Biliary Epithelial Cells: Implications for Primary Biliary Cirrhosis. , 2016, The Tohoku journal of experimental medicine.

[21]  J. Mattner Impact of Microbes on the Pathogenesis of Primary Biliary Cirrhosis (PBC) and Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis (PSC) , 2016, International journal of molecular sciences.

[22]  N. Sheehan,et al.  Assessing the suitability of summary data for two-sample Mendelian randomization analyses using MR-Egger regression: the role of the I2 statistic , 2016, International journal of epidemiology.

[23]  H. Fukui Increased Intestinal Permeability and Decreased Barrier Function: Does It Really Influence the Risk of Inflammation? , 2016, Inflammatory Intestinal Diseases.

[24]  M. Carbone,et al.  Geoepidemiology, Genetic and Environmental Risk Factors for PBC , 2015, Digestive Diseases.

[25]  Casey S. Greene,et al.  International genome-wide meta-analysis identifies new primary biliary cirrhosis risk loci and targetable pathogenic pathways , 2015, Nature Communications.

[26]  Judy H. Cho,et al.  Association analyses identify 38 susceptibility loci for inflammatory bowel disease and highlight shared genetic risk across populations , 2015, Nature Genetics.

[27]  Saskia le Cessie,et al.  Mendelian randomization studies: a review of the approaches used and the quality of reporting. , 2015, International journal of epidemiology.

[28]  G. Davey Smith,et al.  Mendelian randomization with invalid instruments: effect estimation and bias detection through Egger regression , 2015, International journal of epidemiology.

[29]  H. Tilg,et al.  Intestinal permeability – a new target for disease prevention and therapy , 2014, BMC Gastroenterology.

[30]  A. Ford,et al.  Systematic review: the epidemiology of the hepatobiliary manifestations in patients with inflammatory bowel disease , 2014, Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics.

[31]  D. Adams,et al.  Mucosal immunity in liver autoimmunity: a comprehensive review. , 2013, Journal of autoimmunity.

[32]  Y. Erzin,et al.  Primary biliary cirrhosis developing in a patient with Crohn's disease during the course of infliximab treatment: the first case in the literature. , 2013, Journal of Crohn's & colitis.

[33]  A. Butterworth,et al.  Mendelian Randomization Analysis With Multiple Genetic Variants Using Summarized Data , 2013, Genetic epidemiology.

[34]  C. Ponsioen,et al.  Epidemiology of primary sclerosing cholangitis and primary biliary cirrhosis: a systematic review. , 2012, Journal of hepatology.

[35]  U. Beuers,et al.  Primary biliary cirrhosis , 2009, Seminars in Immunopathology.

[36]  J. Feld,et al.  Abnormal Intestinal Permeability in Primary Biliary Cirrhosis , 2006, Digestive Diseases and Sciences.

[37]  R. Zhong,et al.  Cytotoxic T lymphocyte associated antigen-4 gene polymorphisms confer susceptibility to primary biliary cirrhosis and autoimmune hepatitis in Chinese population. , 2004, World journal of gastroenterology.

[38]  A. Floreani,et al.  Gastroduodenal and intestinal permeability in primary biliary cirrhosis , 2003, European journal of gastroenterology & hepatology.

[39]  Yu-lan Liu,et al.  Primary biliary cirrhosis and ulcerative colitis: a case report and review of literature. , 2003, World journal of gastroenterology.

[40]  A. Khera,et al.  Mendelian Randomization. , 2017, JAMA.

[41]  M. Boirivant,et al.  Inflammatory bowel disease. , 2012, Oral diseases.

[42]  Y. Hiasa,et al.  Ulcerative colitis complicated with primary biliary cirrhosis. , 2011, Internal medicine.