Subjective well-being related to satisfaction with daily travel

Previous research demonstrates an impact on subjective well-being (SWB) of affect associated with routine performance of out-of-home activities. A primary aim of the present study is to investigate whether satisfaction with daily travel has a positive impact on SWB, either directly or indirectly through facilitating the performance of out-of-home activities. A secondary aim is to determine whether emotional-symbolic or instrumental reasons for car use results in higher satisfaction with daily travel than other travel modes. A survey of a population-based sample of 1,330 Swedish citizens included measures of car access and use, satisfaction with daily travel, satisfaction with performance of out-of-home routine activities, and affective and cognitive SWB. The results confirmed that the effect on affective and cognitive SWB of satisfaction with daily travel is both direct and indirect via satisfaction with performance of activities. Percent weekly car use had a small effect on satisfaction with daily travel and on affective SWB, although fully mediating the effect of satisfaction with performance of the activities. This suggests that car use plays a minor role for satisfaction with daily travel and its effect on SWB. This role may be larger if investigated after a forced reduced car use.

[1]  Richard E. Lucas,et al.  Subjective Weil-Being: Three Decades of Progress , 2004 .

[2]  D. Ettema,et al.  Out-of-home activities, daily travel, and subjective well-being , 2010 .

[3]  Stephen G. Ritchie,et al.  STOCHASTIC MODELING AND REAL-TIME PREDICTION OF VEHICULAR LANE-CHANGING BEHAVIOR , 2001 .

[4]  K. Axhausen,et al.  Activity‐based approaches to travel analysis: conceptual frameworks, models, and research problems , 1992 .

[5]  Cecilia Jakobsson,et al.  Instrumental Motives for Private Car Use , 2007 .

[6]  N. Schwarz Global and Episodic Reports of Hedonic Experience , 2006 .

[7]  Ulrich Schimmack,et al.  The structure of subjective well-being. , 2008 .

[8]  A. Oswald,et al.  Satisfaction and comparison income , 1996 .

[9]  Lothlorien S. Redmond,et al.  Understanding the Demand for Travel: It's Not Purely 'Derived' , 2001 .

[10]  Tommy Gärling,et al.  Impacts of Routine Out-of-Home Activities on Subjective Well-Being , 2010 .

[11]  A. Ferrer-i-Carbonell Income and Well-being , 2002 .

[12]  E. Deci,et al.  Hedonia, eudaimonia, and well-being: an introduction , 2008 .

[13]  S. Shiffman,et al.  Ecological momentary assessment. , 2008, Annual review of clinical psychology.

[14]  Michael Argyle,et al.  Causes and correlates of happiness. , 1999 .

[15]  Torsten Hägerstraand WHAT ABOUT PEOPLE IN REGIONAL SCIENCE , 1970 .

[16]  W. Gove,et al.  The Effect of Marriage on the Well-Being of Adults , 1990 .

[17]  Daniel McFadden,et al.  Disaggregate Behavioural Travel Demand's RUM Side , 2001 .

[18]  Richard E. Lucas,et al.  Well-Being for Public Policy , 2009 .

[19]  Olle Hagman,et al.  Affective-Symbolic and Instrumental-Independence Psychological Motives Mediating Effects of Socio-Demographic Variables on Daily Car Use , 2011 .

[20]  T. Gärling,et al.  Forecasting Psychological Consequences of Car Use Reduction: A Challenge to an Environmental Psychology of Transportation , 2002 .

[21]  J. Dietz Satisfaction: A Behavioral Perspective on the Consumer , 1997 .

[22]  L. Frank,et al.  Urban form, travel time, and cost relationships with tour complexity and mode choice , 2007 .

[23]  Tommy Gärling,et al.  How overall satisfaction relate to quality attributes and frequency of negative critical incidents in public transport services , 1998 .

[24]  Linda Steg,et al.  Threats to the quality of urban life from car traffic: problems, causes, and solutions. , 2007 .

[25]  T. Gärling,et al.  FREQUENCY OF NEGATIVE CRITICAL INCIDENTS AND SATISFACTION WITH PUBLIC TRANSPORT SERVICES , 2001 .

[26]  W. Gove,et al.  The Psychological Well-Being of Divorced and Widowed Men and Women , 1989 .

[27]  Jürgen Schupp,et al.  The Influence of Environment and Personality on the Affective and Cognitive Component of Subjective Well-being , 2008 .

[28]  E. Diener,et al.  MEASURING QUALITY OF LIFE: ECONOMIC, SOCIAL, AND SUBJECTIVE INDICATORS , 1997 .

[29]  Tommy Gärling,et al.  PERCEIVED SERVICE QUALITY ATTRIBUTES IN PUBLIC TRANSPORT: INFERENCES FROM COMPLAINTS AND NEGATIVE CRITICAL INCIDENTS , 1998 .

[30]  P. L. Mokhtartan,et al.  How derived is the demand for travel? Some conceptual and measurement considerations , 2004 .

[31]  Sonja Lyubomirsky,et al.  How Do People Pursue Happiness?: Relating Personality, Happiness-Increasing Strategies, and Well-Being , 2006 .

[32]  D. Kahneman,et al.  A Survey Method for Characterizing Daily Life Experience: The Day Reconstruction Method , 2004, Science.

[33]  Tommy Gärling,et al.  Validation of a Swedish short self-report measure of core affect. , 2007, Scandinavian journal of psychology.

[34]  Margareta Friman,et al.  The structure of affective reactions to critical incidents , 2004 .

[35]  A. Waterman,et al.  The Implications of Two Conceptions of Happiness (Hedonic Enjoyment and Eudaimonia) for the Understanding of Intrinsic Motivation , 2008 .

[36]  P. Jones,et al.  Understanding Travel Behaviour , 1983 .

[37]  D. Watson,et al.  Development and validation of brief measures of positive and negative affect: the PANAS scales. , 1988, Journal of personality and social psychology.

[38]  S. Lyubomirsky,et al.  The Benefits of Frequent Positive Affect: Does Happiness Lead to Success? , 2005, Psychological bulletin.

[39]  M. Seligman,et al.  Beyond Money , 2004, Psychological science in the public interest : a journal of the American Psychological Society.

[40]  Richard A. Easterlin,et al.  Feeding the Illusion of Growth and Happiness: A Reply to Hagerty and Veenhoven , 2005 .

[41]  R. Larsen,et al.  The Satisfaction with Life Scale , 1985, Journal of personality assessment.

[42]  Jillian Anable,et al.  Performance, importance and user disgruntlement: a six-step method for measuring satisfaction with travel modes. , 2007 .

[43]  D. Kahneman,et al.  Well-being : the foundations of hedonic psychology , 1999 .

[44]  E. Diener,et al.  Review of the Satisfaction with Life Scale , 1993 .

[45]  Martin J. Tomasik,et al.  Gender Differences in Subjective Well-Being: Comparing Societies with Respect to Gender Equality , 2007 .

[46]  Michael Eid,et al.  The science of subjective well-being , 2008 .

[47]  E. Hildebrand Dimensions in elderly travel behaviour: A simplified activity-based model using lifestyle clusters , 2003 .

[48]  D McFadden DISAGGREGATE BEHAVIOURAL TRAVEL DEMAND'S RUM SIDE - A 30 YEAR RETROSPECTIVE. IN: TRAVEL BEHAVIOUR RESEARCH. THE LEADING EDGE , 2001 .

[49]  Hani S. Mahmassani,et al.  Travel behavior research , 2000 .

[50]  Harry Timmermans,et al.  Activity-Based Approaches to Travel Analysis , 1997 .

[51]  Tommy Gärling,et al.  The measurement of core affect: a Swedish self-report measure derived from the affect circumplex. , 2002, Scandinavian journal of psychology.

[52]  Linda Steg,et al.  Car use: lust and must. Instrumental, symbolic and affective motives for car use , 2005 .