The von Braun Reaction Applied to Azetidines

The von Braun reaction, that is the reaction of cyanogen bromide with tertiary amines, was applied to a series of functionalized N-alkyl azetidines. This reaction mainly leads to the cleavage of the strained four-membered ring, producing 3-bromo N-alkyl cyanamides in good yield and variable regioselectivity, which can be used as original building blocks for the synthesis of nitrogen heterocycles.

[1]  F. Couty,et al.  Competitive Ring Expansion of Azetidines into Pyrrolidines and/or Azepanes. , 2016, The Journal of organic chemistry.

[2]  F. Couty,et al.  Reaction of N-alkyl azetidines with triphosgene , 2015 .

[3]  M. Terada,et al.  Development of a chiral bis(guanidino)iminophosphorane as an uncharged organosuperbase for the enantioselective amination of ketones. , 2013, Journal of the American Chemical Society.

[4]  F. Couty,et al.  2‐Cyanoazetidines and Azetidinium Ions: Scaffolds for Molecular Diversity , 2013 .

[5]  F. Couty,et al.  Insight into the Regioselectivity of Nucleophilic Ring-Opening of Azetidinium Ions Containing Quaternary Carbon Atoms , 2012 .

[6]  N. de Kimpe,et al.  Synthesis of 1-alkyl-2-(trifluoromethyl)azetidines and their regiospecific ring opening toward diverse α-(trifluoromethyl)amines via intermediate azetidinium salts. , 2012, The Journal of organic chemistry.

[7]  H. Mayr,et al.  Guanidines: Highly Nucleophilic Organocatalysts , 2012 .

[8]  G. Maestri,et al.  The Cyanamide Moiety, Synthesis and Reactivity , 2012 .

[9]  S. Bull,et al.  Amidines, isothioureas, and guanidines as nucleophilic catalysts. , 2012, Chemical Society reviews.

[10]  F. West,et al.  PREPARATION AND SYNTHETIC APPLICATIONS OF AZETIDINES (Dedicated to Dr. Albert Padwa on his 75th birthday) , 2012 .

[11]  S. Stankovic,et al.  Synthesis of 3-methoxyazetidines via an aziridine to azetidine rearrangement and theoretical rationalization of the reaction mechanism. , 2011, The Journal of organic chemistry.

[12]  Sven Mangelinckx,et al.  Asymmetric synthesis of α-chloro-β-amino-N-sulfinyl imidates as chiral building blocks. , 2011, The Journal of organic chemistry.

[13]  K. Mukkanti,et al.  Improved Process for the Preparation of 1-Benzhydrylazetidin-3-ol: Development of an Efficient Synthesis and Identification of Process-related Impurities and/or Intermediates , 2010 .

[14]  S. Cicchi,et al.  Novel syntheses of azetidines and azetidinones. , 2008, Chemical reviews.

[15]  D. Comins,et al.  Stereoselective synthesis of acyclic amino alcohols via von Braun ring opening of chiral piperidines. , 2008, Organic letters.

[16]  F. Couty,et al.  Opening of azetidinium ions with C-nucleophiles , 2007 .

[17]  Sven Mangelinckx,et al.  Convenient synthesis of trans-beta-amino carboxylic esters with an azetidine skeleton via rearrangement of beta,gamma-aziridino alpha-amino esters. , 2007, Organic letters.

[18]  F. Couty,et al.  Chemo- and regioselective reductive opening of azetidinium ions , 2007 .

[19]  H. Ha,et al.  Preparation of enantiopure 2-acylazetidines and their reactions with chloroformates , 2007 .

[20]  F. Couty,et al.  Reaction of azetidines with chloroformates. , 2006, Organic letters.

[21]  J. Marrot,et al.  Nucleophilic Ring‐Opening of Azetidinium Ions: Insights into Regioselectivity , 2006 .

[22]  F. Couty,et al.  Regioselective nucleophilic opening of azetidinium ions , 2005 .

[23]  A. Jeziorna,et al.  Stereocontrolled synthesis of 3-amino-2-hydroxyalkyl diphenylphosphine oxides mediated by chiral azetidinium salts and epoxyamines , 2005 .

[24]  F. Couty,et al.  Synthesis of Chiral Non Racemic Azetidines , 2004 .

[25]  A. Jeziorna,et al.  Synthesis of polyfunctional phosphorodithioates and structural analogues mediated by azetidinium ions and epoxides , 2003 .

[26]  P. O’Brien,et al.  An azetidinium ion approach to 3-aryloxy-3-aryl-1-propanamines , 2002 .

[27]  T. Endo,et al.  Selective reduction of main‐chain 2‐azetidinone moieties into azetidines for polymer modification , 2002 .

[28]  N. de Kimpe,et al.  The chemistry of azetidin-3-ones, oxetan-3-ones, and thietan-3-ones. , 2002, Chemical reviews.

[29]  K. Sharpless,et al.  An intramolecular [2 + 3] cycloaddition route to fused 5-heterosubstituted tetrazoles. , 2001, Organic letters.

[30]  J. Heliński,et al.  Synthesis of multifunctionalized phosphonic acid esters via opening of oxiranes and azetidinium salts with phosphoryl-substituted carbanions , 2001 .

[31]  H. Oike,et al.  Cationic ring-opening polymerization of N-phenylazetidine , 2000 .

[32]  J. Concellón,et al.  Nucleophilic ring closure and opening of aminoiodohydrins , 2000 .

[33]  M. Potrzebowski,et al.  Convenient synthesis of propane aminophosphonic acids, aminodiphosphonic acids and their structural analogues, mediated by azetidinium salts , 1999 .

[34]  J. Michalski,et al.  Ring-opening of 3-benzyloxyazetidinium salts with organophosphorus nucleophiles Application to the synthesis of poly functional aminophosphonic acids analogues , 1995 .

[35]  N. Kimpe,et al.  A convenient synthesis of 3-alkoxyazetidines , 1995 .

[36]  R. G. Baughman,et al.  Ring Opening of Azetidinols by Phenols: Regiochemistry and Stereochemistry , 1994 .

[37]  B. Tinant,et al.  Synthesis of azetidines from β-chloro imines , 1988 .

[38]  N. Kimpe,et al.  A novel synthesis of 2-cyano-3,3-dimethylazetidines , 1985 .

[39]  M. P. Kane,et al.  New synthesis of azetidine , 1981 .

[40]  S. Bernstein,et al.  The synthesis and chemistry of 1',1',4'(S)-trimethyl-3-beta-trityloxyandrost-5-eno(16-beta,17-beta-b)azetidinium tosylate. , 1971, The Journal of organic chemistry.

[41]  N. Leonard,et al.  Small charged rings. XI. Synthesis and reactions of 1,1,2,2-tetrasubstituted azetidinium salts , 1968 .

[42]  V. R. Gaertner Ring-opening alkylations of 1,5-dialkyl-3-substituted azetidinium cations. Substituent entropy-controlled strained ring-chain equilibria , 1968 .

[43]  V. R. Gaertner Ring-openinq alkylations and equilibria involving 1,1-diethyl-3-substituted-azetidinium cations , 1967 .

[44]  R. C. Elderfield,et al.  THE VON BRAUN CYANOGEN BROMIDE REACTION I. APPLICATION TO PYRROLIDINES AND ETHYLENIMINES (1) , 1949 .

[45]  J. V. Braun Die Einwirkung von Bromcyan auf tertiäre Amine , 1900 .