Attenuation over distance for indoor propagation topologies at 2.4 GHz

This work presents an analytical calculation and characterization of attenuation over distance. Based on the mathematical formula of the linear attenuation model, the attenuation over distance (in dB/m) was calculated for a set of indoor propagation topologies where extensive measurements have been performed in the context of wireless channel characterization for the 2.4 GHz frequency. Goodness-of-fit was performed in all cases to provide fitting distributions for the fluctuations of the attenuation over distance based on standard mathematical functions. Subsequent calculated values of attenuation over distance were compared to results derived from published works in other frequencies of interest. In addition, they were related to the topology characteristics and their impact on signal propagation and average path loss. Results confirm the significance of accurate knowledge of attenuation over distance for the wireless channel characterization for any given indoor propagation topology. Furthermore, the current topologies classification can be expanded on the basis of these results to provide more reliable recommendations for link budget parameters. This method can be applied to any frequency of interest as long as respective frequency-dependent losses are taken into consideration.

[1]  C. Banerjee,et al.  Four-frequency radiowave propagation measurements of the indoor environment in a large metropolitan commercial building , 1991, IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference GLOBECOM '91: Countdown to the New Millennium. Conference Record.

[2]  Xinrong Li,et al.  Indoor Propagation Modeling at 2.4 GHz for IEEE 802.11 Networks , 2005, Wireless and Optical Communications.

[3]  Zhizhang Chen,et al.  Experimental studies of the 2.4-GHz ISM wireless indoor channel , 2005, 3rd Annual Communication Networks and Services Research Conference (CNSR'05).

[4]  Ross D. Murch,et al.  A new empirical model for indoor propagation prediction , 1998 .

[5]  J. D. Parsons,et al.  The Mobile Radio Propagation Channel , 1991 .

[6]  Hans-Jurgen Zepernick,et al.  Fading measurements at 2.4 GHz for the indoor radio propagation channel , 1998, 1998 International Zurich Seminar on Broadband Communications. Accessing, Transmission, Networking. Proceedings (Cat. No.98TH8277).

[7]  John S. Seybold,et al.  Introduction to RF Propagation: Seybold/Introduction to RF Propagation , 2005 .

[8]  G.D. Durgin,et al.  Finding the right small-scale fading distribution for a measured indoor 2.4 GHz channel , 2008, 2008 IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium.

[9]  Theodore S. Rappaport,et al.  Wireless communications - principles and practice , 1996 .

[10]  Theofilos Chrysikos,et al.  Site-specific validation of ITU indoor path loss model at 2.4 GHz , 2009, 2009 IEEE International Symposium on a World of Wireless, Mobile and Multimedia Networks & Workshops.

[11]  J. Seybold.  Introduction to RF Propagation , 2005 .

[12]  A.G.M. Lima,et al.  Motley-Keenan model adjusted to the thickness of the wall , 2005, SBMO/IEEE MTT-S International Conference on Microwave and Optoelectronics, 2005..

[13]  Jaakko Lähteenmäki.  Radiowave Propagation in Office Buildings and Underground Halls , 1992 .

[14]  Theofilos Chrysikos,et al.  Wireless channel characterization for a home indoor propagation topology at 2.4 GHz , 2011, 2011 Wireless Telecommunications Symposium (WTS).

[15]  M. Klepal,et al.  Influence of people shadowing on bit error rate of IEEE802.11 2.4 GHz channel , 2004, 1st International Symposium onWireless Communication Systems, 2004..

[16]  TKN Technical Reports Series , 2003 .

[17]  Theofilos Chrysikos,et al.  Site-specific validation of indoor RF models for commercial propagation topologies at 2.4 GHz , 2010, 2010 7th International Symposium on Wireless Communication Systems.

[18]  I. Forkel,et al.  A multi-wall-and-floor model for indoor radio propagation , 2001, IEEE VTS 53rd Vehicular Technology Conference, Spring 2001. Proceedings (Cat. No.01CH37202).

[19]  M.F. Iskander,et al.  Outdoor/indoor propagation modeling for wireless communications systems , 2001, IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium. 2001 Digest. Held in conjunction with: USNC/URSI National Radio Science Meeting (Cat. No.01CH37229).

[20]  Theofilos Chrysikos,et al.  Impact of shadowing on wireless channel characterization for a public indoor commercial topology at 2.4 GHz , 2010, International Congress on Ultra Modern Telecommunications and Control Systems.

[21]  Leonard E. Miller,et al.  NASA systems engineering handbook , 1995 .

[22]  Abbas Jamalipour,et al.  Wireless communications , 2005, GLOBECOM '05. IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference, 2005..