Measurements of photoelectron extraction efficiency from CsI into mixtures of Ne with CH4, CF4, CO2 and N2

Experimental measurements of the extraction efficiency f of the UV-induced photoelectrons emitted from a CsI photocathode into gas mixtures of Ne with CH4, CF4, CO2 and N2 are presented; they are compared with model-simulation results. Backscattering of low- energy photoelectrons emitted into noble gas is significantly reduced by the admixture of molecular gases, with direct impact on the effective quantum efficiency. Data are provided on the dependence of f on the type and concentration of the molecular gas in the mixtures and on the electric field.

[1]  C. Conde,et al.  A Monte Carlo study of photoelectron extraction efficiency from CsI photocathodes into Xe–CH4 and Ne–CH4 mixtures , 2010 .

[2]  T. Dias,et al.  Photoelectron transmission efficiency in Ar–CH4 and Xe–CH4 mixtures: Experimental results , 2009 .

[3]  Z. Citron,et al.  Collection of Photoelectrons and Operating Parameters of CsI Photocathode GEM Detectors , 2009, IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science.

[4]  A. Breskin,et al.  THGEM operation in Ne and Ne/CH4 , 2009, 0905.2916.

[5]  Z. Citron,et al.  Collection of photoelectrons from a CsI photocathode in triple GEM detectors , 2008, 2008 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record.

[6]  C. Conde,et al.  Monte Carlo photoelectron transmission efficiency in CO2 and Ar-CO2 mixtures , 2008, 2008 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record.

[7]  A. Breskin,et al.  Advances in gaseous photomultipliers , 2008, 0807.2086.

[8]  C. Conde,et al.  Photoelectron collection efficiency in Xe-CF4 mixtures , 2007, 2007 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record.

[9]  L. Tavora,et al.  A Monte Carlo study of backscattering effects in the photoelectron emission from CsI into CH4 and Ar-CH4 mixtures , 2007 .

[10]  T. Shirai,et al.  Analytic cross sections for electron impact collisions with nitrogen molecules , 2006 .

[11]  L. Tavora,et al.  The transmission of photoelectrons emitted from CsI photocathodes into Xe, Ar, Ne and their mixtures: a Monte Carlo study of the dependence on E/N and incident VUV photon energy , 2004 .

[12]  B. K. Singh,et al.  Photoelectron transport in CsI and CsBr coating films of alkali antimonide and CsI photocathodes , 2002 .

[13]  A. Buzulutskov,et al.  GEM photomultiplier operation in CF4 , 2002 .

[14]  Amos Breskin,et al.  CsI UV photocathodes: history and mystery , 1996 .

[15]  E. Nappi,et al.  backscattering effects in photoemission from CsI into gas media , 1996 .

[16]  K. Sumorok,et al.  Results of a first beam test of hadron blind trackers , 1994 .