Stochastic partially optimized cyclic shift crossover for multi-objective genetic algorithms for the vehicle routing problem with time-windows

Graphical abstractDisplay Omitted HighlightsA stochastic partially optimized cyclic shift crossover (SPOCSX) is presented.BCRC and POCSX are used as reference crossovers to contrast the performances.Experiments show that SPOCSX produces higher quality solutions than POCSX.Experiments show that the execution time of SPOCSX is much lower than that of BCRC.Qualitative analysis shows the competitiveness of the solutions obtained by SPOCSX. This paper presents a stochastic partially optimized cyclic shift crossover operator for the optimization of the multi-objective vehicle routing problem with time windows using genetic algorithms. The aim of the paper is to show how the combination of simple stochastic rules and sequential appendage policies addresses a common limitation of the traditional genetic algorithm when optimizing complex combinatorial problems. The limitation, in question, is the inability of the traditional genetic algorithm to perform local optimization. A series of tests based on the Solomon benchmark instances show the level of competitiveness of the newly introduced crossover operator.

[1]  Colin R. Reeves Fitness Landscapes and Evolutionary Algorithms , 1999, Artificial Evolution.

[2]  R. Tavakkoli-Moghaddam,et al.  A New Multi-objective Competitive Open Vehicle Routing Problem Solved by Particle Swarm Optimization , 2012 .

[3]  Shujia Liu A Powerful Genetic Algorithm for Traveling Salesman Problem , 2014, ArXiv.

[4]  Salman Yussof,et al.  A Coarse-Grained Parallel Genetic Algorithm with Migration for Shortest Path Routing Problem , 2009, 2009 11th IEEE International Conference on High Performance Computing and Communications.

[5]  Cyril Fonlupt Artificial evolution : 4th European Conference, AE '99, Dunkerque, France, November 3-5, 1999 : selected papers , 2000 .

[6]  Zhong-Xian Chi,et al.  An Efficient Fine-grained Parallel Genetic Algorithm Based on GPU-Accelerated , 2007, 2007 IFIP International Conference on Network and Parallel Computing Workshops (NPC 2007).

[7]  Egon Balas,et al.  Optimized Crossover-Based Genetic Algorithms for the Maximum Cardinality and Maximum Weight Clique Problems , 1998, J. Heuristics.

[8]  Lin Tian Fitness Landscape Analysis for Capacitated Vehicle Routing Problem , 2014 .

[9]  Shahrzad Amini,et al.  A Novel PSO For Solving The VRPTW With Real Case Study , 2011 .

[10]  James Kennedy,et al.  Particle swarm optimization , 2002, Proceedings of ICNN'95 - International Conference on Neural Networks.

[11]  Francisco Herrera,et al.  Tackling Real-Coded Genetic Algorithms: Operators and Tools for Behavioural Analysis , 1998, Artificial Intelligence Review.

[12]  Yves Rochat,et al.  Probabilistic diversification and intensification in local search for vehicle routing , 1995, J. Heuristics.

[13]  Nicolas Jozefowiez,et al.  Multi-objective vehicle routing problems , 2008, Eur. J. Oper. Res..

[14]  Lothar Thiele,et al.  Multiobjective evolutionary algorithms: a comparative case study and the strength Pareto approach , 1999, IEEE Trans. Evol. Comput..

[15]  Jean-Michel Renders,et al.  Hybridizing genetic algorithms with hill-climbing methods for global optimization: two possible ways , 1994, Proceedings of the First IEEE Conference on Evolutionary Computation. IEEE World Congress on Computational Intelligence.

[16]  Sopnamayee Acharya Vehicle Routing and Scheduling Problems with time window constraints - Optimization Based Models , 2013 .

[17]  Varshika Dwivedi,et al.  Travelling Salesman Problem using Genetic Algorithm , 2012 .

[18]  Barrie M. Baker,et al.  A genetic algorithm for the vehicle routing problem , 2003, Comput. Oper. Res..

[19]  Morikazu Nakamura,et al.  A HYBRID SEARCH BASED ON GENETIC ALGORITHMS AND TABU SEARCH FOR VEHICLE ROUTING , 2002 .

[20]  Erik D. Goodman,et al.  Coarse-grain parallel genetic algorithms: categorization and new approach , 1994, Proceedings of 1994 6th IEEE Symposium on Parallel and Distributed Processing.

[21]  Zbigniew J. Czech,et al.  Parallel simulated annealing for the vehicle routing problem with time windows , 2002, Proceedings 10th Euromicro Workshop on Parallel, Distributed and Network-based Processing.

[22]  Kalyanmoy Deb,et al.  A fast and elitist multiobjective genetic algorithm: NSGA-II , 2002, IEEE Trans. Evol. Comput..

[23]  Jean-Yves Potvin,et al.  A parallel route building algorithm for the vehicle routing and scheduling problem with time windows , 1993 .

[24]  Mohamed Barkaoui,et al.  A parallel hybrid genetic algorithm for the vehicle routing problem with time windows , 2004, Comput. Oper. Res..

[25]  DebK.,et al.  A fast and elitist multiobjective genetic algorithm , 2002 .

[26]  David W. Coit,et al.  Multi-objective optimization using genetic algorithms: A tutorial , 2006, Reliab. Eng. Syst. Saf..

[27]  Patrick D. Surry,et al.  Fundamental Limitations on Search Algorithms: Evolutionary Computing in Perspective , 1995, Computer Science Today.

[28]  C.A. Coello Coello,et al.  MOPSO: a proposal for multiple objective particle swarm optimization , 2002, Proceedings of the 2002 Congress on Evolutionary Computation. CEC'02 (Cat. No.02TH8600).

[29]  Piotr Łebkowski,et al.  Sequential Simulated Annealing for the Vehicle Routing Problem with Time Windows , 2009 .

[30]  Lai Soon Lee,et al.  Optimized Crossover Genetic Algorithm for Vehicle Routing Problem with Time Windows , 2010 .

[31]  Paul J. Darwen,et al.  Search landscape of a realistic single-machine scheduling task: peaks with big differences , 2002, Proceedings of the 2002 Congress on Evolutionary Computation. CEC'02 (Cat. No.02TH8600).

[32]  Kalyanmoy Deb,et al.  Understanding Interactions among Genetic Algorithm Parameters , 1998, FOGA.

[33]  Erick Cantú-Paz,et al.  A Survey of Parallel Genetic Algorithms , 2000 .

[34]  Z H Ahmed,et al.  GENETIC ALGORITHM FOR THE TRAVELING SALESMAN PROBLEM USING SEQUENTIAL CONSTRUCTIVE CROSSOVER , 2010 .

[35]  Yu-Chi Ho,et al.  Simple Explanation of the No Free Lunch Theorem of Optimization , 2001 .

[36]  Navid Sahebjamnia,et al.  A particle swarm optimization for a fuzzy multi-objective unrelated parallel machines scheduling problem , 2013, Appl. Soft Comput..

[37]  Y. R. Tsoy,et al.  The influence of population size and search time limit on genetic algorithm , 2003, 7th Korea-Russia International Symposium on Science and Technology, Proceedings KORUS 2003. (IEEE Cat. No.03EX737).

[38]  Wout Dullaert,et al.  A multi-parametric evolution strategies algorithm for vehicle routing problems , 2007, Expert Syst. Appl..

[39]  Luca Maria Gambardella,et al.  MACS-VRPTW: a multiple ant colony system for vehicle routing problems with time windows , 1999 .

[40]  Djamalladine Mahamat Pierre,et al.  Partially Optimized Cyclic Shift Crossover for Multi-Objective Genetic Algorithms for the multi-objective Vehicle Routing Problem with time-windows , 2014, 2014 IEEE Symposium on Computational Intelligence in Multi-Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM).

[41]  Olga Kurasova,et al.  Genetic Algorithm for VRP with Constraints Based on Feasible Insertion , 2014, Informatica.

[42]  Zbigniew Michalewicz,et al.  Genetic Algorithms + Data Structures = Evolution Programs , 1996, Springer Berlin Heidelberg.

[43]  Manuel López-Ibáñez,et al.  The travelling salesman problem with time windows: Adapting algorithms from travel-time to makespan optimization , 2013, Appl. Soft Comput..

[44]  Loo Hay Lee,et al.  Heuristic methods for vehicle routing problem with time windows , 2001, Artif. Intell. Eng..

[45]  Padmabati Chand,et al.  Multi Objective Genetic Approach for Solving Vehicle Routing Problem , 2013 .

[46]  Russell Bent,et al.  A two-stage hybrid algorithm for pickup and delivery vehicle routing problems with time windows , 2006, Comput. Oper. Res..

[47]  Jun Zhang,et al.  Optimizing the Vehicle Routing Problem With Time Windows: A Discrete Particle Swarm Optimization Approach , 2012, IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Part C (Applications and Reviews).

[48]  Jörg Homberger,et al.  Two Evolutionary Metaheuristics For The Vehicle Routing Problem With Time Windows , 1999 .

[49]  Reza Tavakkoli-Moghaddam,et al.  A PSO APPROACH FOR SOLVING VRPTW WITH REAL CASE STUDY , 2010 .

[50]  J. Arunadevi,et al.  Intelligent Transport Route Planning Using Parallel Genetic Algorithms and MPI In High Performance Computing Cluster , 2007, 15th International Conference on Advanced Computing and Communications (ADCOM 2007).

[51]  Meiyappan Nagappan,et al.  Dynamic Task Scheduling Using Parallel Genetic Algorithms For Heterogeneous Distributed Computing , 2006, GCA.

[52]  N. Goel,et al.  Hardware Controlled and Software Independent Fault Tolerant FPGA Architecture , 2007, 15th International Conference on Advanced Computing and Communications (ADCOM 2007).

[53]  Eneko Osaba,et al.  A migration strategy for distributed evolutionary algorithms based on stopping non-promising subpopulations: A case study on routing problems , 2015 .

[54]  David E. Goldberg,et al.  Genetic Algorithm Difficulty and the Modality of Fitness Landscapes , 1994, FOGA.

[55]  John H. Holland,et al.  Adaptation in Natural and Artificial Systems: An Introductory Analysis with Applications to Biology, Control, and Artificial Intelligence , 1992 .

[56]  J. Magalhães-Mendes,et al.  A Comparative Study of Crossover Operators for Genetic Algorithms to Solve the Job Shop Scheduling Problem , 2013 .

[57]  Anindya Jyoti Pal,et al.  Master-Slave Parallel Vector-Evaluated Genetic Algorithm for Unmanned Aerial Vehicle's path planning , 2011, 2011 11th International Conference on Hybrid Intelligent Systems (HIS).

[58]  M Reyes Sierra,et al.  Multi-Objective Particle Swarm Optimizers: A Survey of the State-of-the-Art , 2006 .

[59]  Marius M. Solomon,et al.  Algorithms for the Vehicle Routing and Scheduling Problems with Time Window Constraints , 1987, Oper. Res..

[60]  Michel Gendreau,et al.  Using Constraint-Based Operators to Solve the Vehicle Routing Problem with Time Windows , 2002, J. Heuristics.

[61]  Robert Manger,et al.  Comparison of eight evolutionary crossover operators for the vehicle routing problem , 2013 .

[62]  Lai Soon Lee,et al.  Optimised crossover genetic algorithm for capacitated vehicle routing problem , 2012 .

[63]  Beatrice M. Ombuki-Berman,et al.  Multi-Objective Genetic Algorithms for Vehicle Routing Problem with Time Windows , 2006, Applied Intelligence.