Visual evoked potentials in the clinically normal dog.

Visual evoked potentials (VEP) in response to flashes of white light were recorded from 15 adult beagles of both sexes to provide a normative data base. Separate recordings were taken by stimulating each eye of every dog. Responses were recorded from a needle electrode placed over the nuchal crest referenced to an electrode just caudal to the eyes. Five positive and negative peaks were present in each VEP; P1, N1, P2, N2, and P3. Peak P2 was the most prominent. Mean (+/- standard deviation [SD]) latencies for peaks P1, N1, P2, N2, and P3 were 14.3 +/- 2.4, 29.2 +/- 2.2, 54.5 +/- 7.4, 78.0 +/- 13.1, and 98.1 +/- 12.6 msec, respectively. Peak-to-peak mean amplitudes ranged from 5.88 to 13.30 microV. Recordings were accomplished without sedation, anesthesia, or mydriatic drugs.

[1]  Sims Mh,et al.  Visual-evoked potentials in cats, using a light-emitting diode stimulator. , 1988 .

[2]  D. Coulter,et al.  Recording of visual-evoked potentials in dogs with scalp electrodes. , 1988, Journal of veterinary internal medicine.

[3]  A. Ducati,et al.  Neuronal generators of the visual evoked potentials: intracerebral recording in awake humans. , 1988, Electroencephalography and clinical neurophysiology.

[4]  J. Kreeger,et al.  Evoked potential and electroencephalographic assessment of central blindness due to brain abscesses in a steer. , 1987, The Cornell veterinarian.

[5]  C. E. Wright,et al.  Pathology of the optic nerve and visual association areas. Information given by the flash and pattern visual evoked potential, and the temporal and spatial contrast sensitivity function. , 1987, Brain : a journal of neurology.

[6]  W. Boyes,et al.  Focal lesions of visual cortex—Effects on visual evoked potentials in rats , 1987, Experimental Neurology.

[7]  S. Wotton,et al.  Concussive methods of pre-slaughter stunning in sheep: assessment of brain function using cortical evoked responses. , 1986, Research in veterinary science.

[8]  G. M. Strain,et al.  Electroretinogram and visual-evoked potential measurements in Holstein cows. , 1986, American journal of veterinary research.

[9]  W. F. Braun,et al.  Electroencephalogram and evoked potentials in naturally occurring scrapie in sheep. , 1986, American journal of veterinary research.

[10]  S. Wotton,et al.  Pig slaughtering procedures: time to loss of brain responsiveness after exsanguination of cardiac arrest. , 1986, Research in veterinary science.

[11]  D. Creel,et al.  Effects of Glycine on Hemodynamic Responses and Visual Evoked Potentials in the Dog , 1985, Anesthesia and analgesia.

[12]  M. Kraut,et al.  Intracortical generators of the flash VEP in monkeys. , 1985, Electroencephalography and clinical neurophysiology.

[13]  S. Wotton,et al.  Time to loss of brain responsiveness following exsanguination in calves. , 1984, Research in veterinary science.

[14]  J. A. Sigüenza,et al.  Visual evoked cortical potentials in the cat after retinal modifications induced by intraocular kainic acid , 1984, Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior.

[15]  S. Wotton,et al.  Studies on the central nervous system: visually evoked cortical responses in sheep. , 1983, Research in veterinary science.

[16]  Sato Shuzo,et al.  A procedure for recording electroretinogram and visual evoked potential in conscious dogs. , 1982 .

[17]  Malnati Ga,et al.  Electroretinographic components of the canine visual evoked response. , 1981 .

[18]  J. Mattsson,et al.  Maturation of the visual evoked response in newborn miniature pigs. , 1978, American journal of veterinary research.

[19]  S. Sokol,et al.  Visually evoked potentials: theory, techniques and clinical applications. , 1976, Survey of ophthalmology.

[20]  E. Smith,et al.  Arsanilic acid-induced blindness in swine: electroretinographic and visually evoked responses. , 1976, American journal of veterinary research.

[21]  D. Creel,et al.  Visually evoked responses in the rat, guinea pig, cat, monkey, and man. , 1973, Experimental neurology.

[22]  S. Boyer,et al.  Maturation of the visual evoked response in the dog. , 1973, Experimental neurology.

[23]  Breazile Je,et al.  Normal visual cortical-evoked response in the dog. , 1972 .

[24]  J. Myslivecek.  The development of the response to light flash in the visual cortex of the dog. , 1968, Brain research.

[25]  M. Fox,et al.  Neuronal development and ontogeny of evoked potentials in auditory and visual cortex of the dog. , 1968, Electroencephalography and clinical neurophysiology.

[26]  K. A. Kooi,et al.  VISUAL EVOKED RESPONSES IN MAN: NORMATIVE DATA * , 1964, Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences.