Multi-agent based modeling and simulating for evacuation process in stadium

A multi-agent evacuation model is proposed in this paper to simulate the pedestrian evacuation process in stadium with or without obstacles. The authors give a multi-agent individual decision-making framework, in which the action direction of each pedestrian (called agent) is affected by the distance of the agent to the exits and the occupant number and density within the view field of the agent. Different from the existing results, the authors divide all the pedestrians in the stadium into four classes: Young male, young female, old male, and old female. In evacuation process, the weighting that affects individual decision-making between each class of agents is different. In the simulation, the authors present the effects of obstacles, crowd distribution and the exit position in evacuation process. Simulation results show that the proposed model can reproduce exactly the real evacuation process in stadium. Therefore, this method might be useful to assess public buildings design.