Heterogeneity, allostericity, and hysteresis in adsorption of water by proteins

Abstract A theory for the description of multilayer adsorption of water on proteins in equilibrium conditions is proposed. This theory takes into account the heterogeneous distribution of binding sites and the possibility that adsorption modifies the protein structure, and accounts for the hysteresis phenomena already observed in the past. The model here proposed suggests the use of measured adsorption isotherms to evaluate the binding-energy distribution, and relates the work made in a loop with hysteresis to the energy surplus of the unfolded protein with respect to the folded one.

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