Growth hormone deficiency and central precocious puberty in Klinefelter syndrome: report of a case and review of KIGS database

Abstract Growth hormone deficiency (GHD) and central precocious puberty (CPP) have each, individually, been described in patients with Klinefelter syndrome. However, the combination of GHD, CPP, and Klinefelter syndrome has never been reported. We described a Klinefelter syndrome patient who developed GHD at age 2 10/12 years and CPP at 8 6/12 years. Despite CPP, GnRH agonist therapy was not initiated because of his excellent predicted adult height. At 11 8/12 years, his height was 164.6 cm, close to his mid-parental target height of 165 cm. We report an additional nine patients with Klinefelter syndrome and GHD from the Pfizer International Growth Study (KIGS) database, none of whom had CPP. We conclude that the combination of GHD and CPP is very rare in Klinefelter syndrome and that CPP is unlikely to compromise final adult height.