SMART Wind Turbine Rotor: Design and Field Test

The Wind Energy Technologies department at Sandia National Laboratories has developed and field tested a wind turbine rotor with integrated trailing-edge flaps designed for active control of rotor aerodynamics. The SMART Rotor project was funded by the Wind and Water Power Technologies Office of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) and was conducted to demonstrate active rotor control and evaluate simulation tools available for active control research. This report documents the design, fabrication, and testing of the SMART Rotor. This report begins with an overview of active control research at Sandia and the objectives of this project. The SMART blade, based on the DOE / SNL 9-meter CX-100 blade design, is then documented including all modifications necessary to integrate the trailing edge flaps, sensors incorporated into the system, and the fabrication processes that were utilized. Finally the test site and test campaign are described.

[1]  Christian Bak,et al.  Load Reduction Potential Using Airfoils with Variable Trailing Edge Geometry , 2005 .

[2]  G.A.M. van Kuik,et al.  Review of state of the art in smart rotor control research for wind turbines , 2010 .

[3]  Niels Troldborg,et al.  Computational Study of the Risø-B1-18 Airfoil with a Hinged Flap Providing Variable Trailing Edge Geometry , 2005 .

[4]  Christian Bak,et al.  Potential load reduction using airfoils with variable trailing edge geometry , 2005 .

[5]  Dale E. Berg,et al.  System ID Modern Control Algorithms for Active Aerodynamic Load Control and Impact on Gearbox Loading , 2010 .

[6]  Jens Nørkær Sørensen,et al.  The Science of Making Torque from Wind , 2007 .

[7]  Sridhar Kota,et al.  Active Aerodynamic Blade Load Control Impacts on Utility-Scale Wind Turbines. , 2009 .

[8]  Mac Gaunaa,et al.  Load reduction using pressure difference on airfoil for control of trailing edge flaps , 2009 .

[9]  David G. Wilson,et al.  Combined Individual Pitch Control and Active Aerodynamic Load Controller Investigation for the 5MW UPWIND Turbine. , 2009 .

[10]  Load Alleviation on Wind Turbine Blades Using Variable Airfoil Geometry , 2005 .

[11]  李幼升,et al.  Ph , 1989 .

[12]  Jose R. Zayas,et al.  CX-100 and TX-100 blade field tests. , 2005 .

[13]  Mac Gaunaa,et al.  Wind tunnel test on wind turbine airfoil with adaptive trailing edge geometry , 2007 .

[14]  David G. Wilson,et al.  ACTIVE AERODYNAMIC BLADE CONTROL DESIGN FOR LOAD REDUCTION ON LARGE WIND TURBINES , 2009 .

[15]  Michel Verhaegen,et al.  On the proof of concept of a ‘Smart’ wind turbine rotor blade for load alleviation , 2008 .

[16]  Raymond Chow,et al.  Unsteady Computational Investigations of Deploying Load Control Microtabs , 2006 .

[17]  David G. Wilson,et al.  Active Aerodynamic Blade Distributed Flap Control Design Procedure for Load Reduction on the UpWind 5MW Wind Turbine , 2010 .

[18]  C. P. van Dam,et al.  Active Aerodynamic Load Control of Wind Turbine Blades. , 2007 .

[19]  Jonathan Raymond White.  Operational monitoring of horizontal axis wind turbines with inertial measurements , 2010 .

[20]  Gijs van Kuik,et al.  Closed-Loop Control Wind Tunnel Tests on an Adaptive Wind Turbine Blade for Load Reduction , 2008 .

[21]  Sandia Report,et al.  SMART wind turbine rotor. Data analysis and conclusions , 2014 .

[22]  G. G. Stokes.  "J." , 1890, The New Yale Book of Quotations.

[23]  Sandia Report,et al.  Design of 9-Meter Carbon-Fiberglass Prototype Blades: CX-100 and TX-100 , 2007 .

[24]  Joshua A. Paquette,et al.  Modeling and Testing of 9m Research Blades , 2006 .

[25]  Sridhar Kota,et al.  The Impact of Active Aerodynamic Load Control on Fatigue and Energy Capture at Low Wind Speed Sites. , 2009 .