Kinetics Studies of Epoxidation and Oxirane Cleavage-Epoxidized Palm Kernel Oil

Studies pertaining to the epoxidation of fatty acids, garnered much interest in recent years due to the rising demand of eco-friendly epoxides derived from vegetable oils. Epoxide is an important chemical precursor for the production of alcohols, glycols and polymers, like polyesters and epoxy resin. Epoxidation is the name given to the reaction when the double bonds are converted into epoxide. Temperature at 55oC was used as a reference material in the epoxide process, as it produces a high yield epoxide being 88%. The kinetic rate of epoxidized palm kernel oil, k was obtained to be k11= 0.5125, k12= 0.05045, k21= 0.03185, k41= 0.01 and k51= 0.01243. Hence, by fitting the result with the experimental work and simulation, the summation of error being stimulated by I-sight simulation was 0.731116428 and the correlation between the experimental and simulation data was 0.925544.

[1]  A. Daud,et al.  Degradation Oxirane Ring Kinetics of Epoxidized Palm Kernel Oil-Based Crude Oleic Acid , 2018, Chemistry & Chemical Technology.

[2]  Chao-Hsi Chen,et al.  Experiments and kinetics of the epoxidation of allyl chloride with H2O2 over organic base treated TS-1 catalysts , 2017 .

[3]  E. Milchert,et al.  Selective epoxidation of sesame oil with peracetic acid , 2017 .

[4]  A. Daud,et al.  An overview of epoxidation of vegetable oils with peracid-reaction mechanism , 2017 .

[5]  Alban Kuriqi,et al.  Simulink Application On Dynamic Modeling Of Biological Waste Water Treatment For Aerator Tank Case , 2014 .

[6]  Ayub Md Som,et al.  Epoxidation of Palm Kernel Oil-Based Crude Oleic Acid , 2014 .

[7]  Yongxia Miao,et al.  Epoxidation of Soybean Oil under Acid-Free Condition , 2014 .

[8]  Kai Guo,et al.  Epoxidation of Soybean Oil by Continuous Micro-Flow System with Continuous Separation , 2013 .

[9]  Shuang Gao,et al.  Asymmetric epoxidation of alkenes catalyzed by a porphyrin-inspired manganese complex. , 2013, Organic letters.

[10]  E. Salzano,et al.  Safety Criteria for the Epoxydation of Soybean Oil in Fed-batch Reactor , 2012 .

[11]  M. Serio,et al.  A biphasic model describing soybean oil epoxidation with H2O2 in a fed-batch reactor , 2011 .

[12]  Yanlan Bi,et al.  Enzymatic Epoxidation of Corn Oil by Perstearic Acid , 2011 .

[13]  L. Karunanayake,et al.  Epoxidation of some vegetable oils and their hydrolysed products with peroxyformic acid - optimised to industrial scale , 2009 .

[14]  John Jiya Musa,et al.  Evaluation of the Lubricating Properties of Palm Kernel Oil , 2009 .

[15]  A. Campanella,et al.  High yield epoxidation of fatty acid methyl esters with performic acid generated in situ , 2008 .

[16]  Z. Petrović,et al.  Optimization of the chemoenzymatic epoxidation of soybean oil , 2006 .

[17]  Z. Petrović,et al.  Kinetics of in situ epoxidation of soybean oil in bulk catalyzed by ion exchange resin , 2001 .

[18]  E. Grulke,et al.  Kinetic parameters of a two-phase model forin situ epoxidation of soybean oil , 1995 .

[19]  J. Salimon,et al.  Optimization of the in situ epoxidation of linoleic acid of Jatropha curcas oil with performic acid. , 2015 .

[20]  S. K. Jamaludin,et al.  Formation of Dihydroxystearic Acid from Hydrolysis of Palm Kernel Oil Based Epoxidized Oleic Acid , 2014 .

[21]  T. Schuman,et al.  Vegetable Oil-derived Epoxy Monomers and Polymer Blends: A Comparative Study with Review , 2013 .

[22]  N. Ismail,et al.  Efficiency, stoichiometry and structural studies of Cu(II) removal from aqueous solutions using di-2-ethylhexylphosphoric acid and tributylphosphate diluted in soybean oil , 2011 .

[23]  L. Abdullah,et al.  Crystallization of dihydroxystearic acid (DHSA) produced from commercial grade palm oil based crude , 2006 .