On-Line Bayes Estimation of Rotational Inertia for Power Systems with High Penetration of Renewables. Part II: Numerical Experiments

In the companion paper [1], the first part of this technical contribution, the way Renewable Energy Sources (wind turbines and photovoltaic units) affect power system's rotational inertia was thoroughly discussed. It is well understood that this relationship, becoming obviously more and more important in the last years, has implications for frequency dynamics and power system stability. Frequency dynamics are indeed faster in power systems with low rotational inertia, making frequency control and power system stability more challenging. In the first paper, after discussing the impact of low rotational inertia on power system stability, a new Bayesian statistical inference approach has been proposed for the on-line estimation of the “Renewable Energy Source Share” and thus the rotational inertia of a given system. This was discussed from the point of view of developing a theoretical methodological contribution. In this second part, extensive numerical simulations confirm that the proposed estimation technique constitutes a very fast, efficient and, especially, a robust method for an efficient assessment of rotational inertia.