Multi-agent formation control with obstacle avoidance based on receding horizon strategy

In this paper, a multi-agent formation control strategy with collision avoidance and obstacle avoidance in complex environments is proposed. Under a virtual leader structure, the multi-agent formation is realized through path planning and formation control. In path planning, a transitional region based on prediction horizon is used to replan reference trajectories and avoid obstacles in advance. The virtual-leader alternation strategy and feasible state searching strategy are adopted to avoid one side obstacles and crowded obstacles, respectively. Then the path planning optimization problem is formulated by mixed-integer quadratic programming (MIQP) to calculate trajectories collision-free with obstacles. In formation control, a distributed model predictive control (DMPC) algorithm is developed to form and maintain formation. In DMPC optimization problem, the non-convex obstacle avoidance constraints are replaced with deviation constraints and linear constraints to design terminal invariant set and reduce online computation burden. Under the whole formation control strategy, the tasks of obstacle avoidance and collision avoidance are both achieved and the agents maintain the formation as much as possible. Finally, the example with different obstacle situations is discussed to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed strategy.