The Problematics of Facial Animation

A survey of the most important techniques of facial animation is first presented. Keyframe and parametric models are discussed. Then several models based on muscles are introduced. An introduction to the general concepts of facial structure is also presented. The most important part of the text is dedicated to our own three-level model based on abstract muscles. The advantages of separating facial parameters from facial expression and facial animation is emphasized. Generation of expression corresponding to phonemes and emotions is also discussed.