Model predictive current control of a proposed single-switch three-level active rectifier applied to EV battery chargers

This paper presents a model predictive current control applied to a new topology of single-switch three-level (SSTL) active rectifier, which is exemplified in an application for single-phase battery charger for electric vehicles (EVs). During each sampling period, this current control scheme selects the state of the SSTL active rectifier to minimize the error between the grid current and its reference. Using this strategy it is possible to obtain sinusoidal grid current with low total harmonic distortion and unitary power factor, which is one of the main requirements for EVs chargers. The paper presents in detail the operating principle of the SSTL active rectifier, the digital control algorithm, and the EV battery charger incorporating the SSTL active rectifier used for the experimental verification. The obtained results confirm the correct application of the model predictive current control applied to the proposed SSTL active rectifier.

[1]  Fernando Beltrame,et al.  A comparison of high power single-phase power factor correction pre-regulators , 2010, 2010 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Technology.

[2]  Carlos Couto,et al.  Experimental validation of a proposed single-phase five-level active rectifier operating with model predictive current control , 2015, IECON 2015 - 41st Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society.

[3]  Fernando L. Tofoli,et al.  A review of single-phase PFC topologies based on the boost converter , 2010, 2010 9th IEEE/IAS International Conference on Industry Applications - INDUSCON 2010.

[4]  Hani Vahedi,et al.  Single-Phase Single-Switch Vienna Rectifier as Electric Vehicle PFC Battery Charger , 2015, 2015 IEEE Vehicle Power and Propulsion Conference (VPPC).

[5]  Kamal Al-Haddad,et al.  A review of three-phase improved power quality AC-DC converters , 2003, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[6]  Murray Edington,et al.  Evaluation and Efficiency Comparison of Front End AC-DC Plug-in Hybrid Charger Topologies , 2012, IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid.

[7]  Jung-Min Kwon,et al.  Single-Stage Single-Switch PFC Flyback Converter Using a Synchronous Rectifier , 2008, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[8]  P. T. Krein,et al.  Review of Battery Charger Topologies, Charging Power Levels, and Infrastructure for Plug-In Electric and Hybrid Vehicles , 2013, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics.

[9]  Thiago Batista Soeiro,et al.  Three-Level Single-Phase Bridgeless PFC Rectifiers , 2015, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics.

[10]  Ching Chuen Chan,et al.  Integrated Energy Management of Plug-in Electric Vehicles in Power Grid With Renewables , 2014, IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology.

[11]  João Luiz Afonso,et al.  Three-phase three-level current-source converter for EVs fast battery charging systems , 2015, 2015 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Technology (ICIT).

[12]  Fang Zheng Peng,et al.  Multilevel converters-a new breed of power converters , 1995, IAS '95. Conference Record of the 1995 IEEE Industry Applications Conference Thirtieth IAS Annual Meeting.

[13]  Oscar Garcia,et al.  Single phase power factor correction: a survey , 2003 .

[14]  T. Friedli,et al.  The Essence of Three-Phase PFC Rectifier Systems—Part I , 2013, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics.

[15]  Prasad Enjeti,et al.  A high-performance single-phase rectifier with input power factor correction , 1996 .

[16]  Vitor Monteiro,et al.  Impact of Electric Vehicles on power quality in a Smart Grid context , 2011, 11th International Conference on Electrical Power Quality and Utilisation.

[17]  Bin Wu,et al.  Model Predictive Current Control of Two-Level Four-Leg Inverters—Part II: Experimental Implementation and Validation , 2013, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics.

[18]  João L. Afonso,et al.  Assessment of the use of vanadium redox flow batteries for energy storage and fast charging of electric vehicles in gas stations , 2016 .

[19]  Kamal Al-Haddad,et al.  A review of single-phase improved power quality AC-DC converters , 2003, IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron..

[20]  Craig H Stephan,et al.  Environmental and energy implications of plug-in hybrid-electric vehicles. , 2008, Environmental science & technology.

[21]  Fang Zheng Peng,et al.  Multilevel inverters: a survey of topologies, controls, and applications , 2002, IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron..

[22]  Kaushik Rajashekara,et al.  Present Status and Future Trends in Electric Vehicle Propulsion Technologies , 2013, IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Power Electronics.

[23]  Milan M. Jovanovic,et al.  Performance Evaluation of Bridgeless PFC Boost Rectifiers , 2007, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics.

[24]  Johann W. Kolar,et al.  The Essence of Three-Phase PFC Rectifier Systems—Part II , 2013, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics.

[25]  João Luiz Afonso,et al.  Improved Vehicle-to-Home (iV2H) Operation Mode: Experimental Analysis of the Electric Vehicle as Off-Line UPS , 2017, IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid.

[26]  João Luiz Afonso,et al.  A Flexible Infrastructure for Dynamic Power Control of Electric Vehicle Battery Chargers , 2016, IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology.

[27]  Bong-Hwan Kwon,et al.  A power-factor controller for single-phase PWM rectifiers , 1999, IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron..

[28]  Issa Batarseh,et al.  Comparison of basic converter topologies for power factor correction , 1998, Proceedings IEEE Southeastcon '98 'Engineering for a New Era'.

[29]  Bin Wu,et al.  Model Predictive Current Control of Two-Level Four-Leg Inverters—Part I: Concept, Algorithm, and Simulation Analysis , 2013, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics.

[30]  Farrokh Albuyeh,et al.  Grid of the future , 2009, IEEE Power and Energy Magazine.

[31]  I. Barbi,et al.  A single phase PFC 3 kW converter using a three-state switching cell , 2004, 2004 IEEE 35th Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference (IEEE Cat. No.04CH37551).

[32]  João Luiz Afonso,et al.  Operation Modes for the Electric Vehicle in Smart Grids and Smart Homes: Present and Proposed Modes , 2016, IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology.

[33]  Juing-Huei Su,et al.  A Novel Single-Switch Single-Stage Electronic Ballast With High Input Power Factor , 2005, 2005 International Conference on Power Electronics and Drives Systems.

[34]  Joao L. Afonso,et al.  Comprehensive comparison of a current-source and a voltage-source converter for three-phase EV fast battery chargers , 2015, 2015 9th International Conference on Compatibility and Power Electronics (CPE).