Improving BGP Convergence Delay for Large-Scale Failures

Border gateway protocol (BGP) is the standard routing protocol used in the Internet for routing packets between the autonomous systems (ASes). It is known that BGP can take hundreds of seconds to converge after isolated failures. We have also observed that the convergence delay can be even greater for large-scale failures. In this study, we first investigate some of the factors affecting the convergence delay and their relative impacts. We observe that the minimum route advertisement interval (MRAI) and the processing overhead at the routers during the re-convergence have a significant effect on the BGP recovery time. We propose a couple of new schemes to reduce processing overload at BGP routers during large failures, which in turn leads to decreased convergence delays. We show that these schemes combined with the tuning of the MRAI value decrease the BGP convergence delay significantly, and can thus limit the impact of large scale failures in the Internet

[1]  Prasant Mohapatra,et al.  Characterization of BGP Recovery Time under Large-Scale Failures , 2006, 2006 IEEE International Conference on Communications.

[2]  BERNARD M. WAXMAN,et al.  Routing of multipoint connections , 1988, IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun..

[3]  Farnam Jahanian,et al.  Internet routing instability , 1997, SIGCOMM '97.

[4]  Yakov Rekhter,et al.  A Border Gateway Protocol 4 (BGP-4) , 1994, RFC.

[5]  Timothy G. Griffin,et al.  An experimental analysis of BGP convergence time , 2001, Proceedings Ninth International Conference on Network Protocols. ICNP 2001.

[6]  Walter Willinger,et al.  Does AS size determine degree in as topology? , 2001, CCRV.

[7]  Michalis Faloutsos,et al.  Analyzing BGP policies: methodology and tool , 2004, IEEE INFOCOM 2004.

[8]  Ibrahim Matta,et al.  On the geographic location of internet resources , 2002, IMW '02.

[9]  Daniel Massey,et al.  An analysis of convergence delay in path vector routing protocols , 2006, Comput. Networks.

[10]  Daniel Massey,et al.  Collecting the internet AS-level topology , 2005, CCRV.

[11]  T. Narten.  Internet routing , 1989, SIGCOMM 1989.

[12]  Albert,et al.  Emergence of scaling in random networks , 1999, Science.

[13]  Bassam Halabi,et al.  Internet Routing Architectures , 1997 .

[14]  Biplab Sikdar,et al.  On the impact of route processing and MRAI timers on BGP convergence times , 2004, IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference, 2004. GLOBECOM '04..

[15]  Roger Wattenhofer,et al.  The impact of Internet policy and topology on delayed routing convergence , 2001, Proceedings IEEE INFOCOM 2001. Conference on Computer Communications. Twentieth Annual Joint Conference of the IEEE Computer and Communications Society (Cat. No.01CH37213).

[16]  Abhijit Bose,et al.  Delayed Internet routing convergence , 2000, SIGCOMM.

[17]  Dan Pei,et al.  CONVERGENCE , 1941, Out in Central Pennsylvania.

[18]  Davor Obradovic,et al.  Real-time model and convergence time of BGP , 2002, Proceedings.Twenty-First Annual Joint Conference of the IEEE Computer and Communications Societies.

[19]  Anukool Lakhina,et al.  BRITE: Universal Topology Generation from a User''s Perspective , 2001 .

[20]  Donald F. Towsley,et al.  On distinguishing between Internet power law topology generators , 2002, Proceedings.Twenty-First Annual Joint Conference of the IEEE Computer and Communications Societies.