Sulfur Transformations during Thermal Conversion of Herbaceous Biomass

In this work, the sulfur transformations during thermal conversion of two straw samples have been experimentally investigated. Sulfur was found to be associated partly as inorganic sulfate (40−50% of the total S) and partly as organic sulfur (50−40%) in typical Danish wheat straw samples. Batch pyrolysis and combustion experiments were conducted in a lab-scale tubular reactor in order to obtain quantitative information on the sulfur transformations during devolatilization and char burnout. The lab-scale experiments indicated that 35−50% of the total sulfur was released to the gas phase during the devolatilization. The release was predominantly caused by decomposition of organically associated sulfur. During char burnout at low temperature (<500 °C), no sulfur was released to the gas phase, but was instead completely retained in the straw ash. As the combustion temperature was increased, sulfur was gradually released to the gas phase; approximately 85% of the total S was released at 950 °C. Pyrolysis exper...

[1]  Kim Dam-Johansen,et al.  Deposition and high temperature corrosion in a 10 MW straw fired boiler , 1998 .

[2]  D. Dayton,et al.  Direct Observation of Alkali Vapor Release during Biomass Combustion and Gasification. 1. Application of Molecular Beam/Mass Spectrometry to Switchgrass Combustion , 1995 .

[3]  G. Gryglewicz,et al.  The behaviour of sulphur forms during pyrolysis of low-rank coal , 1992 .

[4]  H.C.P. Chin.  Preparation and characterization of carbon-sulfur surface compounds , 1981 .

[5]  Jianzhong Liu,et al.  Sulfur removal at high température during coal combustion in furnaces: a review , 2003 .

[6]  Oliver Lindqvist,et al.  High-temperature reactions of straw ash and the anti-sintering additives kaolin and dolomite , 1998 .

[7]  Ya-hui Zhuang,et al.  Catalytic Reduction of Calcium Sulfate to Calcium Sulfide by Carbon Monoxide , 1999 .

[8]  R. P. V. D. Lans,et al.  Modelling and experiments of straw combustion in a grate furnace , 2000 .

[9]  J. Palacios,et al.  Influence of weathering on the sulphur removal from coal by pyrolysis , 1989 .

[10]  H. Boehm.,et al.  Some aspects of the surface chemistry of carbon blacks and other carbons , 1994 .

[11]  Bryan M. Jenkins,et al.  On the properties of washed straw , 1996 .

[12]  J. Pettersson,et al.  Fertiliser influence on alkali release during straw pyrolysis , 2002 .

[13]  R. B. Williams,et al.  Release of Inorganic Constituents from Leached Biomass during Thermal Conversion , 1999 .

[14]  J. Harborne,et al.  Sulphated flavonoids: an update , 1988 .

[15]  W. Ernst.  Sulfur metabolism in higher plants: potential for phytoremediation , 2004, Biodegradation.

[16]  H. Livbjerg,et al.  The formation of submicron aerosol particles, HCl and SO2 in straw-fired boilers , 1998 .

[17]  Peter Arendt Jensen,et al.  Experimental Investigation of the Transformation and Release to Gas Phase of Potassium and Chlorine during Straw Pyrolysis , 2000 .

[18]  B. Puri,et al.  Carbon-sulphur surface complexes on charcoal , 1971 .

[19]  G. Gryglewicz.  Sulfur transformations during pyrolysis of a high sulfur Polish coking coal , 1995 .

[20]  Gunnar Eriksson,et al.  FactSage thermochemical software and databases , 2002 .

[21]  Michael A. Serio,et al.  TG-FTIR Study of the Influence of potassium Chloride on Wheat Straw Pyrolysis , 1998 .

[22]  W. F. Caley,et al.  Decomposition of pyrite and trapping of sulphur in a coal matrix during pyrolysis of coal , 1984 .