Structural Design of High Gothic Vaulting Systems in England

The introduction of rib systems in High Gothic vaults in England initiated a period of greater ambition in the design of churches, while subsequent experimentation increased the confidence of the masons in working with more complex forms. This development is discussed through the study of the structural behavior and efficiency of vaults at the cathedrals of Durham, Canterbury, Wells, and Lincoln that represent significant technical innovations. The collapse mode and safety margin of the original designs is examined, focusing on the dominant action that results from failure of the buttressing system. The study highlights how the integrity of the fabric provided by the rib had to be enhanced by refinements of the form and lateral support. Although the discussion shows a consistent development, each of the innovations brought individual solutions that this study attempts to treat as options available to the masons.

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