Energy centroid clustering algorithm to enhance the network lifetime of wireless sensor networks

Wireless sensor networks (WSN) consists of dedicated sensors, which monitor and record various physical and environmental conditions like temperature, pollution levels, humidity etc. WSN is compatible with several applications related to environmental and healthcare monitoring. The sensor nodes have a limited battery life and are deployed in hostile environments. Recharging or replacement of the batteries in the sensor nodes are very difficult after deployment in inaccessible areas where energy is an important factor for continuous network operation. Energy efficiency is a major concern in the wireless sensor networks as it is important for maintaining network operation. In this paper, an energy efficient clustering algorithm based energy centroid and energy threshold has been proposed for wireless sensor networks. Here each cluster is designed to own 25% of the sensor nodes using distance centroid algorithm. Cluster head selection is based on the energy centroid of each cluster and energy threshold of the sensor nodes. Communication between the sink node and cluster head uses distance of separation as a parameter for reducing the energy consumption. The result obtained shows an average increase of 53% in energy conservation and network lifetime compared to Leach-B, Park Approach, EECPK-means Approach and MPST Approach.

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