Separation and reconstruction of the rigid body and micro-Doppler signal in ISAR part I – theory

In radar imaging, the micro-Doppler effect is caused by fast movements of some scattering points on the target. These movements correspond to highly non-stationary components in the time–frequency domain of the signal. The rigid body can be considered as stationary at one range location during the processing time. This property is used to separate the micro-Doppler signal from the rigid body using the L-statistics. Since the rigid body can be considered as a sparse signal, its values can be fully recovered at the positions where the micro-Doppler and rigid body components overlap. The recovery is based on the compressive sensing theory and methods. After an overview of the methods, a quantitative analysis of the improvements achieved in the time–frequency-based separation is done. Moreover, a comparison with both the time and the frequency domain analysis is provided. Analysis of small additive noise influence to the reconstruction accuracy is done.

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