Development of Collaborative Modular Assembly Micro-Robot Colonies for Use in Natural Orifice Transluminal Endoscopic Surgery: The LABYRINTH Approach

From the mid-1980s up to date, the progress in the field of surgery is rapid. In late 90s, laparoscopic surgery had already been established from both practical and theoretical point of view. This, along with the evolution of technology, paved the way towards the broad application of minimally invasive surgery. During the very first interventions robots were tools with minor roles besides the operation table (e.g. Probot). The introduction of the daVinci system, made the breakthrough towards the wide application of robotic assisted surgery, and still today maintains the lead position in the field. Recently, NOTES (Natural Orifice Transluminal Endoscopic Surgery), gave another dimension to minimally invasive surgery. The main innovation in NOTES is that the endoscope and other surgical tools are inserted to human body through natural holes such as mouth anus etc. Endoscopic surgery is a well-developed method and therefore a wide variety of tools are already existing. Based on this and in order to support this technique, various types of micro-robots have been developed, that are building upon the NOTES concept and are supporting like their conventional counterparts endoscopic operations biopsies. Concurrently, in the medical field there has been the development of nanosurgery techniques which consequently led to development of nanorobots in order to support this trend. The last some of those equipped with biosensors and actuators. This paper proposes the so-called L.A.BY.R.IN.TH (Life Aided By Robotic Intrabdominal Therapists) as a holistic approach towards an integrated system based on NOTES.

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