Mixing with SIS Arrays

The various chapters in this volume attest to the rapid development of the superconductor-insulator-superconductor (SIS) quasiparticle mixer. At every stage in this development, the results from series-arrayed junctions have kept pace with the single-junction mixers. The earliest SIS mixer results demonstrated single-sideband (SSB) noise temperatures as low as 14 K (Richards et al., 1979), operation at frequencies as high as 115 GHz (Dolan et al., 1979), and SSB conversion as good as 5.8 dB loss (Rudner and Claeson, 1979). Even then, were all these attributes combined, the SIS mixer would have been superior to the best conventional devices. Rudner and Claeson (1979) used arrays of 40 SIS elements at 10 GHz; their results showed no trace of quantum mixing effects.

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