ANALYSIS OF BOTTLENECK PHENOMENA AT BASIC FREEWAY SEGMENTS

高速道路単路部を交通容量上の隘路とする渋滞現象の発生メカニズムを定量的に把握・評価し, 渋滞を予防する道路設計, 渋滞を緩和・解消する交通運用, AHSなど将来技術の影響評価などを可能とするためには, 運転挙動モデル, 特に追従挙動モデルの開発が重要である. 本稿では, 過去に開発された運転挙動モデルの中で特に追従挙動モデルをとりあげ, その特性を概観・整理する. 関連して, 人間による車両の制御モデルにおける扱いを紹介し, 人間特性のモデリング手法の応用可能性を示唆する. 最後に, これらの研究から得られる知見を整理し, 高速道路単路部渋滞の発生現象を記述できるような追従挙動モデルに関連する今後の研究展望をまとめる.

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