Effect of experimental stroke on peripheral immunity: CNS ischemia induces profound immunosuppression

[1]  P. Young,et al.  Interleukin‐1β mRNA Expression in Ischemic Rat Cortex , 1993 .

[2]  P. Young,et al.  Interleukin-1 beta mRNA expression in ischemic rat cortex. , 1993, Stroke.

[3]  T. Yue,et al.  Concomitant cortical expression of TNF-α and IL-1β mRNAs follows early response gene expression in transient focal ischemia , 1994 .

[4]  P. Young,et al.  Tumor necrosis factor-alpha expression in ischemic neurons. , 1994, Stroke.

[5]  O. Witte,et al.  Local immune responses in the rat cerebral cortex after middle cerebral artery occlusion , 1994, Journal of Neuroimmunology.

[6]  T. Yue,et al.  Expression of Interleukin-6, c-Fos, and zif268 mRNAs in Rat Ischemic Cortex , 1995, Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism.

[7]  T. Yue,et al.  Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 messenger RNA expression in rat ischemic cortex. , 1995, Stroke.

[8]  O. Witte,et al.  Lymphocytic Infiltration and Expression of Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 in Photochemically Induced Ischemia of the Rat Cortex , 1995, Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism.

[9]  K. Welch,et al.  Expression of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 and macrophage inflammatory protein-1 after focal cerebral ischemia in the rat , 1995, Journal of Neuroimmunology.

[10]  C. Kaltschmidt,et al.  NF-kappa B: a crucial transcription factor for glial and neuronal cell function. , 1997, Trends in neurosciences.

[11]  C. Kaltschmidt,et al.  NF-kB: a crucial transcription factor for glial and neuronal cell function , 1997, Trends in Neurosciences.

[12]  N. Rothwell,et al.  Cytokines and acute neurodegeneration , 1997, Molecular Psychiatry.

[13]  R. McCarron,et al.  Immunologic tolerance to myelin basic protein decreases stroke size after transient focal cerebral ischemia. , 1997, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[14]  N. Aiyar,et al.  Interleukin-1 receptor and receptor antagonist gene expression after focal stroke in rats. , 1997, Stroke.

[15]  T. Yue,et al.  Prolonged Expression of Interferon‐Inducible Protein‐10 in Ischemic Cortex After Permanent Occlusion of the Middle Cerebral Artery in Rat , 1998, Journal of neurochemistry.

[16]  A. Sauter,et al.  Cloning of rat HIV‐1‐chemokine coreceptor CKR5 from microglia and upregulation of its mRNA in ischemic and endotoxinemic rat brain , 1998, Journal of neuroscience research.

[17]  D. Mason,et al.  Control of immune pathology by regulatory T cells. , 1998, Current opinion in immunology.

[18]  F. Barone,et al.  Inflammatory Mediators and Stroke: New Opportunities for Novel Therapeutics , 1999, Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism.

[19]  J. Shimizu,et al.  Induction of tumor immunity by removing CD25+CD4+ T cells: a common basis between tumor immunity and autoimmunity. , 1999, Journal of immunology.

[20]  Irun R. Cohen,et al.  Autoimmune T cells protect neurons from secondary degeneration after central nervous system axotomy , 1999, Nature Medicine.

[21]  E. Shevach.  Regulatory T cells in autoimmmunity*. , 2000, Annual review of immunology.

[22]  F. Eckenstein,et al.  Lack of interleukin-6 expression is not protective against focal central nervous system ischemia. , 2000, Stroke.

[23]  E. Agranov,et al.  Passive or Active Immunization with Myelin Basic Protein Promotes Recovery from Spinal Cord Contusion , 2000, The Journal of Neuroscience.

[24]  M. Roncarolo,et al.  The role of different subsets of T regulatory cells in controlling autoimmunity. , 2000, Current opinion in immunology.

[25]  H. Sarau,et al.  Identification and molecular characterization of rat CXCR3: receptor expression and interferon-inducible protein-10 binding are increased in focal stroke. , 2000, Molecular pharmacology.

[26]  L. Kang.  Tumor Necrosis Factor-α Expression in Ischemic Neurons , 2000 .

[27]  J. Relton,et al.  Inhibition of α4 Integrin Protects Against Transient Focal Cerebral Ischemia in Normotensive and Hypertensive Rats , 2001 .

[28]  V. Sanders,et al.  Norepinephrine and beta 2-adrenergic receptor stimulation regulate CD4+ T and B lymphocyte function in vitro and in vivo. , 2001, Pharmacological reviews.

[29]  KyraBecker,et al.  Antibody to the α4 Integrin Decreases Infarct Size in Transient Focal Cerebral Ischemia in Rats , 2001 .

[30]  V. Sanders,et al.  IFN-γ Production by Th1 Cells Generated from Naive CD4+ T Cells Exposed to Norepinephrine1 , 2001, The Journal of Immunology.

[31]  F. Powrie,et al.  Regulatory T cells in the control of immune pathology , 2001, Nature Immunology.

[32]  G. D. del Zoppo,et al.  Inflammation after stroke: is it harmful? , 2001 .

[33]  S. Namura,et al.  Chemokine Receptor Antagonist Peptide, Viral MIP-II, Protects the Brain against Focal Cerebral Ischemia in Mice , 2001, Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism.

[34]  W. Lee,et al.  IFN-gamma production by Th1 cells generated from naive CD4+ T cells exposed to norepinephrine. , 2001, Journal of immunology.

[35]  J. Teitelbaum,et al.  Temporal effects of left versus right middle cerebral artery occlusion on spleen lymphocyte subsets and mitogenic response in Wistar rats , 2002, Brain Research.

[36]  Michal Schwartz,et al.  Neuroprotective autoimmunity: Naturally occurring CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells suppress the ability to withstand injury to the central nervous system , 2002, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[37]  Y. Belkaid,et al.  CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells control Leishmania major persistence and immunity , 2002, Nature.

[38]  S. L. Stevens,et al.  The use of flow cytometry to evaluate temporal changes in inflammatory cells following focal cerebral ischemia in mice , 2002, Brain Research.

[39]  S. Namura,et al.  TAK-779, A Nonpeptide CC Chemokine Receptor Antagonist, Protects the Brain against Focal Cerebral Ischemia in Mice , 2002, Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism.

[40]  U. Dirnagl,et al.  Desferrioxamine Induces Delayed Tolerance against Cerebral Ischemia in Vivo and in Vitro , 2002, Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism.

[41]  G. Stoll.  Inflammatory cytokines in the nervous system: multifunctional mediators in autoimmunity and cerebral ischemia. , 2002, Revue neurologique.

[42]  N. Rothwell,et al.  An early and sustained peripheral inflammatory response in acute ischaemic stroke: relationships with infection and atherosclerosis , 2003, Journal of Neuroimmunology.

[43]  A. Rudensky,et al.  Foxp3 programs the development and function of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells , 2003, Nature Immunology.

[44]  C. Nitsch,et al.  Interleukin-6 receptor expression and localization after transient global ischemia in gerbil hippocampus , 2003, Neuroscience Letters.

[45]  F. Ramsdell,et al.  An essential role for Scurfin in CD4+CD25+ T regulatory cells , 2003, Nature Immunology.

[46]  U. Dirnagl,et al.  Stroke-induced Immunodeficiency Promotes Spontaneous Bacterial Infections and Is Mediated by Sympathetic Activation Reversal by Poststroke T Helper Cell Type 1–like Immunostimulation , 2003, The Journal of experimental medicine.

[47]  T. Nomura,et al.  Control of Regulatory T Cell Development by the Transcription Factor Foxp3 , 2002 .

[48]  N. Rothwell,et al.  Inflammation in central nervous system injury. , 2003, Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences.

[49]  J. Dambrosia,et al.  Elevated pro-inflammatory CD4+CD28− lymphocytes and stroke recurrence and death , 2004, Neurology.

[50]  M. Yenari,et al.  Post-ischemic inflammation: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic implications , 2004, Neurological research.

[51]  N. Rothwell,et al.  Peak plasma interleukin-6 and other peripheral markers of inflammation in the first week of ischaemic stroke correlate with brain infarct volume, stroke severity and long-term outcome , 2004, BMC neurology.

[52]  B. Schmitz,et al.  Lateralization in autononic dysfunction in ischemic stroke involving the insular cortex , 2004, Neuroreport.

[53]  U. Dirnagl,et al.  Central nervous system injury-induced immune deficiency syndrome , 2005, Nature Reviews Neuroscience.

[54]  K. Krause,et al.  Chemokine receptors in the central nervous system: role in brain inflammation and neurodegenerative diseases , 2005, Brain Research Reviews.

[55]  S. Sakaguchi,et al.  Regulatory T Cells in Immunologic Self-Tolerance and Autoimmune Disease , 2005, International reviews of immunology.

[56]  P. Hurn,et al.  Experimental Stroke Induces Massive, Rapid Activation of the Peripheral Immune System , 2006, Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism.

[57]  A. Vandenbark,et al.  Estrogen‐mediated immunomodulation involves reduced activation of effector T cells, potentiation of treg cells, and enhanced expression of the PD‐1 costimulatory pathway , 2006, Journal of neuroscience research.

[58]  D. Granger,et al.  Role of T Lymphocytes and Interferon-γ in Ischemic Stroke , 2006 .

[59]  P. Hurn,et al.  Splenic Atrophy in Experimental Stroke Is Accompanied by Increased Regulatory T Cells and Circulating Macrophages1 , 2006, The Journal of Immunology.

[60]  K. Stokes,et al.  Role of T lymphocytes and interferon-gamma in ischemic stroke. , 2006, Circulation.

[61]  Ulrich Dirnagl,et al.  Stroke-Induced Immunodepression: Experimental Evidence and Clinical Relevance , 2007, Stroke.

[62]  Á. Chamorro,et al.  Infection After Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Manifestation of Brain-Induced Immunodepression , 2007, Stroke.

[63]  N. Rothwell,et al.  Clinical outcome following acute ischaemic stroke relates to both activation and autoregulatory inhibition of cytokine production , 2007, BMC neurology.

[64]  A. Villringer,et al.  Cellular Immunodepression Preceding Infectious Complications after Acute Ischemic Stroke in Humans , 2007, Cerebrovascular Diseases.

[65]  O. Leavy.  Autoimmunity: Regulatory T cells in autoimmunity , 2007, Nature Reviews Immunology.

[66]  A. Vandenbark,et al.  T- and B-Cell-Deficient Mice with Experimental Stroke have Reduced Lesion Size and Inflammation , 2007, Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism.

[67]  C. Kessler,et al.  Analysis of Lymphocyte Subsets in Patients With Stroke and Their Influence on Infection After Stroke , 2008, Stroke.

[68]  K. Pennypacker,et al.  The spleen contributes to stroke‐induced neurodegeneration , 2008, Journal of neuroscience research.

[69]  J. Schmidt,et al.  Infection after Acute Ischemic Stroke: Risk Factors, Biomarkers, and Outcome , 2011, Stroke research and treatment.