Characterizations of QF Rings

A ring R is called “left GP-injective” if for any 0 ≠ a ∈ R, there exists n > 0 such that a n ≠ 0 and a n R = r(l(a n )). It is proved that (1) every right Noetherian left GP-injective ring such that every complement left ideal is a left annihilator is a QF ring, (2) every left GP-injective ring with ACC on left annihilators such that every complement left ideal is a left annihilator is a QF ring, and (3) every left P-injective left CS ring satisfying ACC on essential right ideals is a QF ring. Several well-known results on QF rings are obtained as corollaries.

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